Table 2.
Baseline echocardiographic
| Echocardiographic parameters | TTVR | GDMT | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 31) | (N = 57) | ||
| TAPSE (mm) | 14.3 ± 2.0 | 16.2 ± 2.1 | < 0.001 |
| RV-FAC (%) | 35.2 ± 2.1 | 38.1 ± 2.9 | < 0.001 |
| RV systolic TDI (cm/s) | 9.1 ± 1.2 | 10.2 ± 1.2 | < 0.001 |
| RVSP (mmHg) | 42.3 ± 5.6 | 42.0 ± 5.0 | 0.76 |
| RA volume index (mL/m2) | 75.0 ± 8.2 | 63.0 ± 6.1 | < 0.001 |
| VC width-biplane average (mm) | 80.3 ± 5.3 | 77.3 ± 3.7 | 0.003 |
| EROA by PISA (mm2) | 68.9 ± 6.3 | 58.9 ± 3.3 | < 0.001 |
| RV end-diastolic diameter base (mm) | 52.4 ± 9.1 | 47.0 ± 2.7 | < 0.001 |
| RV end-diastolic diameter mid (mm) | 44.2 ± 5.0 | 38.0 ± 4.7 | < 0.001 |
| TR volume (ml) | 60.4 ± 8.1 | 52.7 ± 4.4 | < 0.001 |
| TR velocity (m/s) | 3.0 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.3 | 0.020 |
| TR etiology n (%) | 0.68 | ||
| Functional | 21 (67.7) | 40 (70.2) | |
| Organic | 2 (6.5) | 6 (10.5) | |
| Mixed | 8 (25.8) | 11 (19.3) | |
| TR severity n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
| Severe | 3 (9.7) | 45 (78.9) | |
| Massive | 8 (25.8) | 9 (15.8) | |
| Torrential | 20 (64.5) | 3 (5.3) | |
| LVEDD (mm) | 47.4 ± 9.1 | 43.0 ± 3.4 | 0.002 |
| LVESD (mm) | 34.5 ± 9.3 | 35.1 ± 4.3 | 0.71 |
| LA volume index (mL/m2) | 74.8 ± 6.1 | 68.4 ± 12.3 | 0.007 |
| LVEF (%) | 53.9 ± 3.0 | 55.8 ± 4.3 | 0.018 |
| Echo-sPAP (mm Hg) | 45.3 ± 2.8 | 45.0 ± 3.9 | 0.68 |
| IVC diameter (mm) | 34.5 ± 1.8 | 30.3 ± 2.8 | < 0.001 |
P < 0.05 denotes statistical significance and is presented in bold
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%)
EROA, effective regurgitation orifice area; FAC, fractional area change; GDMT, guideline directed medical therapy; IVC, inferior vena cava; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVIDD, left ventricular internal dimension in diastole; LVIDS, left ventricular internal dimension in systole; PISA, proximal isovelocity surface area; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricular; RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure; sPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TDI, tissue doppler imaging; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; TTVR, transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement;. VC, vena contracta