Table 1.

Opportunities to apply artificial intelligence in dentistry [adapted from Elani and Giannobile (2024)].

Stakeholders	Opportunities to apply artificial intelligence
Dental clinicians	Assisted diagnostics with automated documentation Patient education Assisted treatment planning Treatment outcome prognostication
Clinics and providers	Scheduling, billing, and reimbursement optimization Patient triage and management through virtual assistants Clinical decision support
Patients	Transparency in diagnostics and patient information on treatment need Continuous treatment monitoring
Insurers and payers	Optimized operations (e.g., prior authorization) Automated administrative workflows Fraud prevention
Academic institutions	Education and training on artificial intelligence Synthetic patient cases for personalized dental education Utilization of longitudinal datasets for research
Regulatory bodies	Framework for fair, transparent, and equitable use of artificial intelligence Ensure compliance of other stakeholders