Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of UKB participants by Lp(a) concentration.
| Variable | Lp(a) < 3.8 nmol/L | 3.8≤ Lp(a) ≤189 nmol/L | Lp(a) > 189 nmol/L | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 47,362 | 371,430 | 32,687 | |
| Age at baseline visit, years (IQR) | 57.57 (49.69, 63.43) | 58.24 (50.48, 63.71) | 59.71 (52.77, 64.31) | <0.001 |
| Sex | <0.001 | |||
| Men | 24734 (52.2 %) | 168787 (45.4 %) | 12612 (38.6 %) | |
| Women | 22628 (47.8 %) | 202643 (54.6 %) | 20075 (61.4 %) | |
| Ethnicity | <0.001 | |||
| White | 46110 (97.4 %) | 348537 (93.8 %) | 30811 (94.3 %) | |
| Asian | 545 (1.2 %) | 9224 (2.5 %) | 447 (1.4 %) | |
| Black | 86 (0.2 %) | 6094 (1.6 %) | 879 (2.7 %) | |
| Mixed | 167 (0.4 %) | 2315 (0.6 %) | 197 (0.6 %) | |
| Other/Unknown | 454 (1.0 %) | 5260 (1.4 %) | 353 (1.1 %) | |
| Current smoker at baseline visit | 5054 (10.7 %) | 39389 (10.6 %) | 3389 (10.4 %) | 0.35 |
| Alcohol consumption in UK Units (8g pure alcohol) per week at baseline visit | 12.40 (4.80, 23.80) | 11.20 (4.25, 21.90) | 11.20 (4.20, 22.40) | <0.001 |
| BMI at baseline visit, kg/m2 | 27.09 (24.30, 30.48) | 26.69 (24.10, 29.81) | 26.89 (24.38, 30.00) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure at baseline visit, mmHg | 133.03 (121.55, 145.47) | 131.71 (120.21, 144.47) | 133.05 (121.13, 145.50) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure at baseline visit, mmHg | 82.13 (76.47, 88.19) | 81.72 (76.06, 87.39) | 81.73 (76.06, 87.79) | <0.001 |
| LDL-C at baseline visit, mg/dl | 128.83 (107.49, 151.45) | 135.75 (113.91, 158.68) | 145.30 (120.37, 170.71) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C at baseline visit, mg/dl | 52.74 (43.85, 63.64) | 54.02 (45.28, 64.65) | 56.30 (47.37, 66.93) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides at baseline visit, mg/dl | 136.67 (94.33, 201.33) | 130.82 (92.29, 189.37) | 127.19 (91.59, 180.87) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension at baseline visit | 15112 (32.0 %) | 113374 (30.6 %) | 12168 (37.3 %) | <0.001 |
| Statin usage at baseline visit | 8477 (17.9 %) | 65177 (17.5 %) | 9751 (29.8 %) | <0.001 |
| New-onset T2D | 5189 (11.0 %) | 32079 (8.7 %) | 3076 (9.4 %) | <0.001 |
| New-onset non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | 1102 (2.3 %) | 5586 (1.5 %) | 429 (1.3 %) | <0.001 |
| New-onset coronary artery disease | 4449 (9.4 %) | 36438 (9.8 %) | 5005 (15.3 %) | <0.001 |
| New-onset aortic stenosis | 424 (0.9 %) | 3662 (1.0 %) | 641 (2.0 %) | <0.001 |
| New-onset heart failure | 1603 (3.4 %) | 11984 (3.2 %) | 1404 (4.3 %) | <0.001 |
| New-onset stroke | 1993 (4.2 %) | 15627 (4.2 %) | 1719 (5.3 %) | <0.001 |
BMI: body mass index, HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol, IQR: interquartile range, LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.