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. 2024 Jul 8;10(14):e34287. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34287

Table 3.

Benchmark regression results.

GTI
Multicollinearity test
RE FE VIF Tolerance
EGC 0.0919*** (9.56) 0.0528*** (4.39) 1.080 0.925
SIZE 0.1665*** 0.2454**
(4.78) (2.31) 1.670 0.600
ALR −0.0785 −0.1964
(-0.44) (-0.49) 1.550 0.647
NPM 0.3427*** 0.4473**
(2.95) (1.89) 1.090 0.918
FAR −3.7870*** −2.5001***
(-15.55) (-3.65) 1.090 0.921
TQ 0.0801*** 0.0205
(3.48) (0.56) 1.210 0.830
MS 0.0059*** −0.0031
(7.04) (0.73) 1.200 0.831
Cons
−5.3230*** (−7.04)



Individual fixed effect No Yes (Mean) 1.27
Time fixed effect No Yes
Industry fixed effect
No
Yes
Number of samples 12246 4708
Hausman 38.79 (0.00)
Wald-P 0.00 0.00

Note:(1)When using Stata software to estimate panel Poisson's counting models, there is no constant term estimation value for fixed effects. (2) The difference in samples number is automatically adjusted by Stata software. (3) Robust standard error is used. (4) The values in parentheses are z-statistics. (5) * * *, * *, and * represent significance at the levels of 1 %, 5 %, and 10 %, respectively.