Table 3. Multivariable Analysis for Factors Associated With HDS Use or With 6 Indexed Botanical Products vs No HDS Usea.
| Variable | HDS vs no HDS, AOR (95% CI) | P value | 6 Indexed HDS vs no HDS, AOR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | ||||
| 40-59 | 1.77 (1.36-2.32) | <.001 | 2.36 (1.06-5.25) | .04 |
| ≥60 | 3.97 (2.99-5.28) | <.001 | 3.96 (1.93-8.11) | .001 |
| Female | 1.76 (1.42-2.18) | <.001 | 1.61 (0.99-2.61) | .06 |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.25 (1.04-1.49) | .02 | 1.38 (0.80-2.35) | .23 |
| Married | 0.93 (0.77-1.12) | .45 | 0.94 (0.63-1.41) | .77 |
| Alcohol useb | 0.99 (0.72-1.38) | .98 | 1.82 (0.90-3.68) | .09 |
| Smokerc | 1.17 (0.94-1.47) | .16 | 0.94 (0.51-1.72) | .83 |
| Poverty index ratio >1 | 1.41 (1.11-1.77) | .006 | 2.15 (0.90-5.16) | .08 |
| Some college or above | 2.02 (1.61-2.52) | <.001 | 4.78 (2.62-8.75) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 1.37 (1.11-1.70) | <.001 | 1.18 (0.73-1.91) | .50 |
| Diabetes | 1.55 (1.21-1.97) | .001 | 1.43 (0.81-2.52) | .20 |
| Arthritis | 1.31 (1.13-1.52) | .001 | 2.27 (1.62-3.29) | <.001 |
| Coronary heart disease | 1.55 (0.91-2.66) | .10 | 0.45 (0.09-2.34) | .33 |
| Stroke | 1.22 (0.83-1.78) | .30 | 0.97 (0.32-2.97) | .96 |
| COPD | 0.87 (0.59-1.29) | .48 | 0.51 (0.20-1.30) | .15 |
| Thyroid disorder | 1.60 (1.13-2.25) | .01 | 1.32 (0.84-2.06) | .21 |
| Cancer | 1.18 (0.80-1.74) | .39 | 1.10 (0.55-2.20) | .79 |
| Liver condition | 1.58 (0.76-3.27) | .21 | 0.65 (0.22-1.90) | .42 |
Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder; HDS, herbal and dietary supplements.
a
Medical condition was adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status, income, educational level, and smoking for HDS vs no HDS, and adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status, income, and educational level for 6 indexed botanical products vs no HDS.
b
Mean alcohol consumption in the past 12 months 1 or more drinks per day for women and 2 or more drinks per day for men.
c
Smoked more than 100 cigarettes.