Figure 2.

Operando Mn 2p and O 1s XAS in the CO oxidation using LaMnO₃ catalyst. (a) The scheme of an operando reactor. (b) Operando Mn 2p XAS. (c) Operando O 1s XAS normalized from 0 to 1. The abbreviations rt and a.r. are room temperature and after reaction, respectively; the gray rectangle in the bottom panel indicates the La 5d–O 2p band. Labels ① to ⑦ indicate the temperature and gas conditions. If no gas conditions are indicated, the measurements are performed under helium. For clarity, we have also indicated each gas condition with the color of the line: black for helium, red for CO + O₂, and blue for CO. Details are given in the Experimental Methods Section.