Figure 2.

α-Diversity analyses based on microbial richness (observed number of ASVs) in milk microbiota (n = 370), in cheese rind microbiota (n = 1148) and in cheese core microbiota (n = 1148) violin plots show the distribution of observed richness after rarefaction for bacterial (A) and fungal (B) ASVs grouped by localization (milks, cheese cores, and cheese surfaces) and according to animal species for the milks and to technological family for the cheeses. All α-diversity values were calculated based respectively on rarefaction to 2495 bacterial reads and 9565 fungal reads per milk sample and 13 827 bacterial reads and 8187 fungal reads per cheese sample to account for differences in sequencing depth between samples. The significance of differences between samples (ANOVA followed by posthoc Tukey’s HSD test) is marked by lowercase letters so that samples that share at least one letter are not significantly different, but samples that do not share a letter are significantly different.