Table 4.
Out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) for hospitalization in Kerala in 2014 and 2017-18 by background characteristics
| 71st Round, 2014 (n = 3002) |
75th Round, 2017-18 (n = 4986) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pub (in INR) | Pvt. (in INR) | Pub(in INR) | Pvt. (for profit) (in INR) | Trust/NGO (in INR) |
Private total*(in INR) | |
| Total | 3153 | 22,974 | 4373 | 26,853 | 18,318 | 26,363 |
| Rural-urban divide | ||||||
| Rural | 3294 | 24,904 | 4543 | 24,980 | 15,632 | 24,528 |
| Urban | 2934 | 20,163 | 4104 | 29,464 | 20,863 | 28,865 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 3784 | 30,814 | 4868 | 30,583 | 22,172 | 29,993 |
| Female | 2595 | 17,384 | 3920 | 23,978 | 13,796 | 23,497 |
| Social Group | ||||||
| ST | 4943 | 8708 | 3049 | 9972 | 5382 | 9881 |
| SC | 2118 | 16,010 | 3803 | 21,562 | 18,240 | 21,464 |
| OBC | 3041 | 24,743 | 4187 | 24,048 | 16,348 | 23,619 |
| GEN | 4372 | 21,116 | 5554 | 32,807 | 21,294 | 32,060 |
| Economic Class | ||||||
| Rural | ||||||
| Poorest | 1726 | 11,765 | 4363 | 20,454 | 13,204 | 20,223 |
| Poor | 2757 | 10,749 | 5319 | 20,809 | 12,232 | 20,198 |
| Middle | 1721 | 18,913 | 3131 | 23,930 | 28,843 | 24,275 |
| Rich | 5240 | 16,741 | 5823 | 26,098 | 11,411 | 25,142 |
| Richest | 8215 | 47,263 | 4662 | 33,852 | 9530 | 33,433 |
| Urban | ||||||
| Poorest | 2875 | 18,694 | 3479 | 26,069 | 21,617 | 25,734 |
| Poor | 2653 | 20,075 | 4192 | 24,807 | 13,639 | 24,432 |
| Middle | 3222 | 12,225 | 4119 | 26,076 | 5745 | 23,594 |
| Rich | 2618 | 19,574 | 3831 | 35,725 | 14,917 | 34,181 |
| Richest | 4296 | 30,614 | 7736 | 36,288 | 58,855 | 37,705 |
* Private total includes for profit private provider and trust/NGO
Source: Authors’ computation from unit records of NSSO (71st Round 2014 and 75th Round 2017-18)