Bim determines the response to immunotoxin treatment in vivo. KB3-1 WT (a), Bim KO (b) and Bid KO (c) cells were implanted in the left flank of athymic nude mice. Mice were treated with HB21-PE40 (n = 5), or vehicle (n = 5) 3 × qod, indicated by arrows. Tumor volume was calculated as (0.5 × L × W2). Tumor volumes were compared by two-way analysis of variance test. ***P<0.01, ****P<0.0001. For the Kaplan–Meier plot, showing time to experimental endpoint for each KB3-1 tumor-bearing mouse, mice were killed once tumor volume reached 1200 mm3 or tumors became necrotic. NS, nonsignificant.