Table 1. Incarceration- and tuberculosis-related characteristics by country.

All population-wide prevalence estimates are for the population aged 15 and older. Data sources are detailed in Tables S1–S2 of the Appendix. For model outputs, medians are shown with 95% uncertainty intervals in parentheses.

	Argentina	Brazil	Colombia	El Salvador	Mexico	Peru	Source
Incarcerated population in 1990*	21,016	90,000	32,387	5,982	93,119	17,859	Data
Incarcerated population in 2019	109,405	755,274	123,078	38,114	200,936	95,548	Data
Prison occupancy in 2018 (%)^	112	165	146	333	97	219	Data
Prevalence of incarceration per 100,000 in 2019	321	452	316	825	216	399	Data
Percent increase in prevalence of incarceration since 1990	239 (229, 249)	397 (393, 400)	120 (107, 134)	372 (331, 404)	28 (19, 38)	190 (171, 197)	Model
Incarceration growth driven by increasing entry rates and/or duration?	Entry rates	Entry rates	Both	Both	Both	Duration	Model
Average duration of incarceration in 2019 (years)	2.6 (2,2, 3.4)	1.3 (1.1, 1.6)	3.2 (2.7, 3.8)	6.0 (4.8, 8.0)	1.9 (1.6, 2.3)	4.7 (3.9, 5.8)	Model
Within-prison prevalence of incarceration history (%)	30 (21, 37)	52 (41, 59)	21 (15, 27)	18 (12, 22)	25 (17, 32)	25 (18, 32)	Model
Community prevalence of incarceration history (%)#	1.3 (1.0, 1.7)	2.8 (2.0, 3.9)	4.2 (3.0, 5.6)	2.9 (2.2, 3.6)	6.0 (4.7, 7.6)	3.5 (2.8, 4.3)	Model
Population-level tuberculosis notifications in 2019	11,446	85,523	14,292	3,009	23,702	31,764	Data
Population tuberculosis notification rate per 100,000 in 2019	25.7	40.5	28.7	47.9	19.0	97.6	Data
Prison tuberculosis notification rate per 100,000 in 2019	214	1303	784	3484	144	2945	Data
Percent of all tuberculosis notifications occurring in prisons in 2019	2.0	11.5	6.8	44.1	1.2	8.9	Data

^*Data are from 1992 for Argentina.