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. 2024 Aug 6;21:86. doi: 10.1186/s12966-024-01637-z

Table 4.

Boys (n = 618) – comparison of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and time spent sedentary (minutes per day) between school and summer

Timepoint Est (95CI) Within a Between Income to Poverty Groups
School Summer Interactions b
Diff (95CI) Contrast Diff (95CI) Diff (95CI) Diff (95CI)
Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity
Overall c Summer 65.8 (63.2, 68.3) 9.1 (8.1, 10.2)
School 74.9 (72.4, 77.4)
Ratio of Income to Poverty Group d
Low-Income (≤ 2.0) Summer 66.0 (62.5, 69.5) 8.3 (6.4, 10.1) L v M -1.7 (-4.8, 1.4) − 4.3 (-7.5, -1.1) NS
School 74.2 (70.8, 77.6) L v H 1.9 (-1.5, 5.4) 1.6 (-1.9, 5.2) NS
Middle-Income (2.0 to 3.0) Summer 61.7 (58.3, 65.0) 10.2 (6.7, 13.7) M v H 3.6 (0.8, 6.4) 5.9 (3.1, 8.8) NS
School 72.5 (69.2, 75.8)
High-Income (> 3.0) Summer 67.6 (64.2, 71.0) 8.6 (7.0, 10.1)
School 76.2 (72.8, 79.5)
Time Spent Sedentary
Overall c Summer 499.5 (491.3, 507.6) -9.9 (-13.0, -6.9)
School 489.6 (481.5, 497.6)
Ratio of Income to Poverty Group d
Low-Income (≤ 2.0) Summer 502.3 (492.0, 512.6) -10.4 (-16.0, -4.8) L v M -4.9 (-14.1, 4.4) -4.1 (-13.8, 5.6) NS
School 491.8 (481.8, 501.8) L v H -1.4 (-11.7, 8.9) -3.2 (-13.8, 7.5) NS
Middle-Income (2.0 to 3.0) Summer 498.2 (488.2, 508.1) -11.2 (-17.1, -5.3) M v H 3.5 (-4.9, 11.8) 0.9 (-7.6, 9.5) NS
School 487.0 (477.2, 496.7)
High-Income (> 3.0) Summer 499.1 (489.1, 509.1) -8.6 (-13.3, -4.0)
School 490.5 (480.6, 500.3)

a Positive within values represent greater minutes per day during school compared to summer

b Income to Poverty Group – x – School vs. Summer interaction

c Controlling for age (years) and ratio of income to poverty

d Controlling for age (years)

GREYED values represent differences where the 95% confidence intervals do not include zero

Abbreviations: L = Low-Income; M = Middle-Income; H = High-Income