Table 3.

Examples of the data analysis

Data extract	Code	Sub-theme	Theme
1. I was always by her side. How could I have an accident?	Underestimate the possibility of safety risks	Perceived Risk Possibility	Characteristics of Caregiving Risk Perception
2. Whenever he moved at night, he made me stay awake all night; I was having a nervous breakdown.	Overestimate the possibility of risks
3. When she started to breathe heavily, I knew it was because of excessive phlegm, so I suctioned it out to prevent choking.	The older adult’s physiological condition	Perceived Risk Anticipation
4. She had a urinary catheter and a gastric tube, but she kept pulling them out, causing bleeding everywhere. Now, whenever I was not by her bedside, I wore gloves to prevent her from pulling them out.	The older adult’s behavior.
5. When I saw him looking impatient and uncomfortable, I thought it might be related to his bowel or bladder, so I changed his diapers or turned him over for cleaning.	The older adult’s facial expressions.
6. People said that having pressure ulcers meant death was near, right?	Lead to severe consequences for the elderly	Perceived Severity of Consequences
7. I was afraid he would break a bone. He was old, and I wondered how I could care for him if he broke a bone. I had developed many health problems due to taking care of him for a long time.	Increase caregiver’s physical and mental burden and create economic pressure