Table 1.

Clinical characteristics of the study cohort (n = 156)

	Healthy Controls (n = 46)	SZ (n = 110)	P value
SZ duration of illness, years	-	15.7 (8.6–24.6)	-
Clozapine therapy, %	-	91/110 (83)	-
Age, years	37.5 (30.8–49.0)	41.5 (31.0–52.3)	ns
Biological sex, M/F; %M	22/24 (48)	76/34 (69)	0.01
BMI, kg/m2	24.3 (22.9–26.5)	28.5 (25.1–32.8)	<0.001
HbA1c, %	5.4 (5.2–5.5)	5.7 (5.4–6.1)	0.03
Diabetes, %	1/46 (2)	23/110 (21)	0.003
Smoking, % current	0/46 (0)	44/110 (40)	<0.001
Statin therapy, %	0/46 (0)	21/110 (19)	<0.001

Results are expressed as number and (%), or median and (interquartile range). HbA1c levels were determined in 14 controls and 106 patients.

BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; ns, non-significant; SZ, schizophrenia.