Table 3.
Adjusted Odds Ratios for Ordinal Regression Model Predicting Number of Naloxone Doses, N = 7,435
| Outcome: Number of Naloxone Doses | OR1 | 95% CI1 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Race | |||
| White | — | — | |
| Black | 0.95 | 0.85, 1.07 | 0.44 |
| Other2 | 1.66 | 0.89, 3.09 | 0.11 |
| Age | |||
| 25–44 | — | — | |
| 45–64 | 1.27 | 1.11, 1.44 | <0.001 |
| 65+ | 0.45 | 0.25, 0.77 | 0.004 |
| 18–24 | 0.89 | 0.78, 1.01 | 0.08 |
| Under 18 | 1.31 | 0.79, 2.16 | 0.29 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | — | — | |
| Female | 0.90 | 0.81, 0.98 | 0.02 |
| Drugs Involved | |||
| Opioids Alone | — | — | |
| Opioids & Non-Stimulants | 1.27 | 1.07, 1.50 | 0.007 |
| Stimulant & Opioids Combined | 1.07 | 0.86, 1.31 | 0.55 |
| Other Drug(s)3 | 0.71 | 0.50, 1.01 | 0.06 |
| Fentanyl | |||
| Not Suspected | — | — | |
| Suspected | 1.49 | 1.35, 1.64 | <0.001 |
| Naloxone Type | |||
| Nasal Naloxone | — | — | |
| Intramuscular Naloxone | 1.12 | 0.99, 1.28 | 0.07 |
| Intravenous Naloxone | 0.65 | 0.50, 0.85 | 0.002 |
| Multiple Types of Naloxone | 10.0 | 8.53, 11.8 | <0.001 |
| ODFR Respondent | |||
| Stranger | — | — | |
| Self | 0.81 | 0.68, 0.95 | 0.01 |
| Friend | 1.13 | 0.92, 1.39 | 0.24 |
| Family | 1.09 | 0.91, 1.30 | 0.35 |
| Other4 | 0.67 | 0.41, 1.08 | 0.10 |
| Emergency Responder | 0.44 | 0.39, 0.50 | <0.001 |
| Behavioral Health Professional | 0.86 | 0.65, 1.12 | 0.26 |
| Year | 0.93 | 0.89, 0.97 | <0.001 |
1
OR = Odds Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval
2
Includes Asian, Native American, and multiracial individuals.
3
Includes alcohol, stimulants alone, benzodiazepines, and responses of “other” without additional detail.
4
Includes neighbors and responses of “other” without additional detail.