TABLE 1.
Antagonistic potency against BTZ of polyphenols.
| Full name | Abbreviation | Number of VDM a | MAC b (μM) | Viability difference (%) | AI c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Gallotannin | |||||
| 2-isopropyl-O‐β‐(6′‐O‐ galloyl)‐ glucopyranoside | IG | 2 | 12.5 | 49.1 | 41 |
| 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenol 1-O-β-D-(2′,6′-di-O-galloyl) glucoside | 2′,6′-di GG | 4 | 1.56 | 28.6 | 9 |
| 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose | 1,3,6-triGG | 6 | 0.78 | 53.3 | 2 |
| 1,2,6- tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose | 1,2,6-triGG | 6 | 1.56 | 99.3 | 3 |
| 1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose | 1,4,6-triGG | 6 | 1.56 | 43.8 | 6 |
| corilagin | Cori-triGG | 6 | 3.13 | 52.2 | 10 |
| 1,2,3-tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose | 1,2,3-triGG | 6 | 12.5 | 47.6 | 42 |
| 1,2,3,6-tetragalloyl-beta-D-glucose | 1,2,3,6-tetraGG | 8 | 1.56 | 76.2 | 3 |
| 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose | PGG | 10 | 0.78 | 98.5 | 1 |
| tellimagrandin II | Telli-PGG | 10 | 0.78 | 35.8 | 3 |
| B. Dietary polyphenols | |||||
| protocatechuic acid | PA | 1 | >50 | - | >300 |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid | DPA | 1 | >50 | - | >300 |
| caffeic acid | CA | 1 | >50 | - | >300 |
| (+)‐catechin | CC | 1 | >50 | - | >300 |
| (−)‐epicatechin | EC | 1 | >50 | - | >300 |
| hydroxytyrosol | HT | 1 | >50 | - | >300 |
| 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | DAA | 1 | 50 | 64.8 | 124 |
| quercetin | QC | 1 | 3.13 | 35.9 | 14 |
| luteolin | LT | 1 | 12.5 | 25.6 | 78 |
| gallic acid | GA | 2 | 12.5 | 64.3 | 31 |
| gallic acid ethyl ester | GE | 2 | 25 | 47.4 | 84 |
| (−)‐gallocatechin | GC | 2 | 6.25 | 41.3 | 24 |
| (−)‐epigallocatechin | EGC | 2 | 12.5 | 108.2 | 18 |
| (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate | ECG | 3 | 25 | 69.1 | 58 |
| epigallocatechin gallate | EGCG | 4 | 3.13 | 91.5 | 5 |
| 7,8,3′,4′-tetrahydroxyflavone c | tetra-FV | 2 | 10 | ∼59 | ∼17 |
| fisetin d | FS | 1 | 20 | ∼59 | ∼34 |
| myricetin d | MC | 2 | ∼10 | ∼39 | ∼26 |
| rutin hydrate d | RH | 1 | >100 | - | >345 |
| vitamin C e | Vitamin C | 1 | 125 | ∼59 | ∼212 |
VDM: vicinal diol moieties.
MAC (Minimal antagonistic concentration): the minimal concentration of polyphenols (in nM) required to counteract more than 25% of the viability reduction caused by BTZ.
Antagonistic index (AI) = MAC, of polyphenol/[(Concentration of BTZ)x(Viability Difference)]. Concentration of BTZ, is the amount (in nM) of BTZ, used in the viability experiment. Viability Difference represents the extent to which polyphenols reverse BTZ’s cytotoxic effects at their MAC, concentration. It is calculated as ViaPP/BTZ, ViaBTZ, where Via represents cell viability (in %). ViaPP/BTZ, is the viability when both polyphenol and BTZ, are applied together, while ViaBTZ, is the viability with BTZ, alone.
MAC, was adopted from Br J Haematol. 2009, 146: 270.
MAC, of vitamin C was adopted from Leukemia. 2009, 23:1679.