RNA synthesis from circular single-stranded MP19 templates, using the wild-type NS5BΔCT24-His. All reactions were performed as described in Materials and Methods for de novo synthesis. (A) Comparison of RdRp products synthesized from double-stranded pUC18 and single-stranded MP19 templates. (B) Effects on RNA synthesis upon addition of 100 μM actinomycin D (ActD), 100 μM rifampin (Rif), 300 μM novobiocin (Nov), 600 ng of poly(U), or 600 ng of poly(C) to 40 μl of RdRp reaction. Lane ø, minus-template control; lane 2, RdRp reaction mixture from which ATP and UTP were omitted. The total RNA products were quantified by using a PhosphorImager, and the relative percentage of synthesis normalized to the wild-type level is shown at the bottom.