Table 2.

Characteristics and main findings of included studies

1st Author, year	Country	Study Design	Sample	Diagnosis	Evaluation	Drugs (dose)	Study period	Enpoints	JBI’s rating
Hoskin, 2022	USA	Retrospective cohort study	25	NR	Clinical	Erenumab Galcanezumab Fremanezumab Ubrogepant (NR)	NR	6 moderate improovment 9 significant improovment 6 mild improovment 4 no improovment	1/8
Russo, 2023	Italy	Prospective cohort study	50	BS-IHS	Clinical, MIDAS	Erenumab (140 mg) Fremanezumab (225 mg) Galcanezumab (120 mg)	78 weeks	mean MDD from 10.3 ± 1.9 to 0.7 ± 0.2. mean MIDAS scores from 52.8 ± 5.0 to 14.3 ± 3.2 mean MDM from 20.9 ± 1.6 to 9.3 ± 1 to 6.4 ± 1.2	4/8
Lovato, 2023	Italy	Retrospective cross-over cohort study	23	BS-IHS	Clinical, Videonistagmography, DHI	Erenumab (140 mg)	26.4 ± 2.1 weeks	mean MDM from 12.4 to 5.1 positional nystagmus from 47.8–4.3% of patients mean DHI from 30.2 ± 7.2 to 8.1 ± 3.1	5/8
Inui, 2023	Japan	Case report	1	BS-IHS	Videonistagmography, cVEMP, PTA, DHI, MIDAS, HIT	Erenumab (70 mg)	52 weeks	Improovment of Videonistagmography, cVEMP, PTA, DHI, MIDAS, HIT	NA
Sharon, 2020	USA	RCT protocol*	50	BS-IHS	VM-PATHI, DHI, MIDAS	Galcanezumab	NA	NA	NA

Abbreviation: BS-IHS (Barany Society and International Headache Society), cVEMP (cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential); DHI (Dizziness Handicapi Inventory); HIT (Headache Impact Test); MDD (Monthly Days with Dizziness); MDM (Monthly Days with Migraine); MIDAS (Migraine Disability Assessment); NR (Not Reported); PROMIS SF (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short Form); PTA (Pure Tone Audiometry); RCT (Randomized Control Trial), VM-PATHI (Vestibular Migraine-Patient Assessment Tool and Handicap Inventory).

*the study is ongoing, protocol available at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04417361#contacts-and-locations.