1. Individuals with T2DM and obesity should aim to reduce their weight by at least 5% and maintain it through medical nutrition and exercise. [Randomized controlled trial, general recommendation]

2. Antidiabetic agents may be used as adjunct therapy to support lifestyle modifications for weight reduction in obese individuals with T2DM. [Expert opinion, limited recommendation]

3. If the individual does not lose 5% of their body weight within 3 months after initiating anti-obesity medications, a different medication may be considered, or drug therapy should be discontinued. [Randomized controlled trial, general recommendation]

4. If individuals with T2DM and a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 fail to reduce weight and exhibit poor blood glucose control on non-surgical treatments, bariatric surgery should be considered. [Randomized controlled trial, limited recommendation]

5. A multidisciplinary medical approach is required before and after surgery to enhance the efficacy and safety of bariatric surgery. [Expert opinion, general recommendation]