Table 1.
Variable | Hypotension (n=39) | Nonhypotension (n=511) | Total (n=550) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | 0.501 | |||
Male | 25 (64.1) | 300 (58.7) | 325 (59.1) | |
Female | 14 (35.9) | 211 (41.3) | 225 (40.9) | |
Age (yr) | 59 (39.0–73.0) | 65 (50.0–79.0) | 64 (48.8–79.0) | <0.001 |
Vital sign | ||||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70 (0–85.0) | 135 (118.0–150.0) | 132 (112.8–150.0) | 0.166 |
Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 20 (20–24) | 20 (20–20) | 20 (20–20) | <0.001 |
Heart rate (beats/min) | 88 (80–108) | 86 (76–99) | 86 (76–99) | 0.049 |
Body temperature (ºC) | 36.0 (35.4–36.5) | 36.7 (36.4–37.0) | 36.6 (36.3–37.0) | 0.114 |
SpO2 (%) | 96 (92–98) | 98 (96–98) | 98 (96–98) | <0.001 |
Glasgow Coma Scale | 15 (13–15) | 15 (15–15) | 15 (15–15) | <0.001 |
Transport method | 0.006 | |||
Public EMS | 31 (79.5) | 295 (57.7) | 326 (59.3) | |
Private ambulance service | 3 (7.7) | 66 (12.9) | 69 (12.5) | |
Other vehicles, walk-in, or unknown | 5 (12.8) | 150 (29.4) | 155 (28.2) | |
Laboratory result | ||||
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.7 (8.7–13.3) | 13.0 (11.4–14.2) | 13.0 (11.2–14.1) | <0.001 |
White blood cells (10³/μL) | 11.5 (8.2–17.4) | 8.5 (6.4–11.8) | 8.8 (6.6–11.9) | <0.001 |
Lactic acid (mmol/L) | 3.9 (2.2–7.5) | 1.7 (1.1–2.4) | 1.7 (1.2–2.6) | <0.001 |
Procalcitonin (ng/mL) | 0.1 (0.04–1.30) | 0.1 (0.04–0.40) | 0.1 (0.04–0.40) | 0.749 |
C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 1.2 (0.6–6.4) | 1.9 (0.5–18.4) | 1.8 (0.5–16.9) | 0.425 |
Presepsin (pg/mL) | 566 (413.0–789.0) | 404 (293.0–544.0) | 409 (294.0–564.3) | <0.001 |
Trauma score | ||||
Injury Severity Score | 17 (6–27) | 4 (1–10) | 5 (1–10) | <0.001 |
Revised Trauma Score | 6.4 (5.2–7.1) | 7.8 (7.8–7.8) | 7.8 (7.8–7.8) | <0.001 |
Trauma Injury Severity Score | 93.8 (36.0–97.4) | 98.3 (96.8–99.4) | 98.3 (96.8–99.4) | <0.001 |
Mechanism of accident | - | |||
Blunt trauma | 2 (5.1) | 55 (10.8) | 57 (10.4) | |
Same level falling | 6 (15.4) | 165 (32.3) | 171 (31.1) | |
Falling | 7 (17.9) | 104 (20.4) | 111 (20.2) | |
Car accident | 1 (2.6) | 23 (4.5) | 24 (4.4) | |
Motorbike rider | 1(2.6) | 21 (4.1) | 22 (4.0) | |
Bicycle and nonmotor transportation | 4 (10.3) | 31 (6.1) | 35 (6.4) | |
Penetrating injury | 8 (20.5) | 43 (8.4) | 51 (9.3) | |
Other | 10 (25.6) | 69 (13.5) | 79 (14.4) | |
Operation | 14 (35.9) | 126 (24.7) | 140 (25.5) | 0.120 |
ED treatment result | 0.003 | |||
Admission | 28 (71.8) | 236 (46.2) | 264 (48.0) | |
Transfer | 3 (7.7) | 60 (11.7) | 63 (11.5) | |
Discharge | 7 (17.9) | 213 (41.7) | 220 (40.0) | |
Died | 1 (2.6) | 2 (0.4) | 3 (0.5) |
Values are presented as number (%) or median (interquartile range). Percentages may not total 100 due to rounding.
ED, emergency department; SpO2, saturation of peripheral oxygen; EMS, emergency medical services.