Appendix. Demographics and pulmonary function testing in the group overall and as stratified by DU exposure status.
| - | Overall (n=36) |
Low DU (n = 26) |
High DU (n = 10) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | Mean (SD) | - | ||
| Age (years) | 53.1 (4.9) | 53.2 (5.3) | 52.7 (4.0) | 0.93† |
| Height (cm) | 179.0 (7.3) | 178.3 (8.2) | 180.6 (4.3) | 0.433† |
| Weight (kg) | 103.4 (21.6) | 104.8 (21.8) | 99.9 (21.7) | 0.639† |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.3 (6.7) | 33.0 (6.7) | 30.7 (6.8) | 0.349† |
| N(%) | N (%) | |||
| Race, African American |
11 (31%) | 7 (27%) | 4 (40%) | 0.454‡ |
| Smoking: Current Ever |
10 (28%) 18 (50%) |
6 (23%) 12 (46%) |
4 (40%) 6 (60%) |
0.413‡ 0.711‡ |
| Impulse Oscillometry | ||||
| R5, kPa/L/sec | 0.36 (0.12) | 0.37 (0.13) | 0.33 (0.09) | 0.513 |
| R5, (% predicted) | 125.1 (42.3) | 128.7 (45.7) | 115.8 (32.4) | 0.454 |
| R20, kPa/L/sec | 0.28 (0.07) | 0.29 (0.08) | 0.27 (0.06) | 0.646 |
| R20 (% predicted) | 114.0 (30.1) | 115.9 (32.6) | 109.1 (23.0) | 0.768 |
| R5-20, % | 19.1 (10.7) | 19.1 (10.7) | 19.9 (10.7) | 0.543 |
| X5, kPa/L/sec | -0.11 (0.07) | -0.11 (0.1) | -0.10 (0.0) | 0.986 |
| AX, kPa/L | 0.61 (0.65) | 0.61 (0.7) | 0.69 (0.7) | 0.614 |
| Fres, Hz | 14.8 (4.2) | 15.1 (4.5) | 13.8 (3.3) | 0.475 |
| Pulmonary Function Testing | ||||
| FEV1, L | 3.58 (0.66) | 3.49 (0.70) | 3.83 (0.46) | 0.074 |
| FVC, L | 4.66 (0.87) | 4.53 (0.90) | 4.99 (0.73) | 0.145 |
| FEV1/FVC, % | 77.2 (6.7) | 77.1 (7.1) | 77.2 (6.0) | 0.794 |
| FEF25-75%, L | 3.32 (1.1) | 3.26 (1.17) | 3.48 (0.89) | 0.741 |
| TLC, L | 6.87 (1.27) | 6.78 (1.32) | 7.10 (1.16) | 0.497 |
| FRC, L | 3.31 (0.92) | 3.29 (1.02) | 3.37 (0.62) | 0.614 |
| RV, L | 2.12 (0.63) | 2.15 (0.64) | 2.06 (0.64) | 0.986 |
| RV/TLC, % | 30.64 (6.15) | 31.4 (6.0) | 28.6 (6.5) | 0.520 |
| DLCO, mL/min/mmHg | 28.2 (4.5) | 27.8 (5.0) | 29.4 (2.4) | 0.286 |
Note: †Mann-Whitney U-test, ‡Fisher’s test. BMI, body mass index. R5 and R20 – resistance at 5 and 20 Hz, respectively (normal <150%)20; kPa – kilopascals; R5-20 – frequency dependence of resistance (normal <20-30%)21; X5 – reactance at 5 Hz (normal >-0.1176 kPa/L/s)4; AX – area of reactance (normal <0.33 kPa/L/s)3; Fres – resonant frequency (normal <12 Hz)20. FEV1 – forced expiratory volume at 1 second; FVC – forced vital capacity; FEF25-75% - forced expiratory flow between 25-75%; TLC – total lung capacity; FRC – functional residual capacity; RV – residual volume; DLCO – diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.