Table 2.
Adjusted and Unadjusted Prevalence Ratio With 95% CI for Cardiomyopathy-Associated Hospital Admission Among Methamphetamine Users
| Group | Cardiomyopathy With Methamphetamine Use |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted Prevalence Ratio | (95% CI) | Adjusted Prevalence Ratio | (95% CI) | ||
| Gender | Male | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Female | 0.99 | (0.98-1.02) | 1.05 | (1.01-1.08) | |
| Age (y) | 18-25 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| 26-40 | 1.93 | (1.81-2.07) | 2.12 | (1.96-2.3) | |
| 41-64 | 6.8 | (6.40-7.24) | 5.55 | (5.13-6.02) | |
| ≥65 | 45.26 | (42.32-48.45) | 32.84 | (29.89-36.12) | |
| Race/ethnicitya | White | 2.23 | (2.16-2.30) | 3.04 | (2.9-3.19) |
| Black | 0.87 | (0.84-0.90) | 1.35 | (1.29-1.42) | |
| Hispanic | 2.57 | (2.44-2.71) | 2.68 | (2.48-2.9) | |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 0.6 | (0.55-0.66) | 0.82 | (0.71-0.94) | |
| Native American | 1.13 | (1.05-1.20) | 1.20 | (1.09-1.33) | |
| Other | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | |||
| Primary payer | Medicare | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Medicaid | 5.26 | (5.14-5.37) | 0.87 | (0.84-0.91) | |
| Private insurance | 2.01 | (1.96-2.07) | 1.95 | (1.85-2.05) | |
| Self-pay | 2.95 | (2.83-3.08) | 0.64 | (0.6-0.68) | |
| No charge | 1.62 | (1.37-1.91) | 0.61 | (0.49-0.75) | |
| Other | 2.28 | (2.15-2.41) | 0.78 | (0.71-0.85) | |
| Median household Income ($) | <50,000 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| 50,000-64,999 | 0.66 | (0.63-0.68) | 1.23 | (1.18-1.28) | |
| 65,000-85,99 | 0.51 | (0.49-0.52) | 1.43 | (1.37-1.49) | |
| >86,000 | 0.42 | (0.41-0.44) | 1.87 | (1.79-1.97) | |
| Length of hospital stay (d) | <3 d | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| 4-6 d | 1.25 | (1.22-1.28) | |||
| 7-9 d | 1.44 | (1.39-1.49) | |||
| 10-12 d | 1.58 | (1.51-1.65) | |||
| >12 d | 1.88 | (1.81-1.94) | |||
| U.S. region | Northeast | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Midwest | 1.00 | (0.97-1.02) | 0.89 | (0.76-0.92) | |
| South | 1.21 | (1.17-1.24) | 1.02 | (0.92-1.89) | |
| West | 3.80 | (3.65-3.95) | 2.14 | (1.64-2.86) | |
| Death | Yes | 3.61 | (3.40-3.83) | 2.16 | (1.89-3.32) |
| Anemia | Yes | 2.23 | (2.15-2.31) | 1.47 | (1.4-1.55) |
| Arthritis | Yes | 2.41 | (2.23-2.61) | 1.37 | (1.23-1.53) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | Yes | 1.63 | (1.59-1.67) | 0.97 | (0.93-1) |
| Congestive heart failure | Yes | 13.17 | (12.75-13.59) | 8.38 | (8.04-8.74) |
| Coagulopathy | Yes | 3.10 | (2.96-3.26) | 1.79 | (1.67-1.92) |
| Depression | Yes | 0.69 | (0.67-0.71) | 0.62 | (0.59-0.65) |
| Diabetes | Yes | 2.11 | (2.07-2.18) | 1.08 | (1.04-1.12) |
| Liver disease | Yes | 0.98 | (0.93-1.03) | 1.03 | (0.99-1.06) |
| Hypertension | Yes | 2.74 | (2.68-2.79) | 0.60 | (0.56-0.64) |
| Obesity | Yes | 1.91 | (1.85-1.97) | 1.53 | (1.47-1.61) |
| Peripheral vascular disorders | Yes | 3.64 | (3.46-3.83) | 1.38 | (1.28-1.49) |
| Pulmonary circulation disorders | Yes | 4.77 | (4.48-5.08) | 1.18 | (1.08-1.29) |
| Renal failure | Yes | 6.21 | (5.98-6.44) | 2.06 | (1.95-2.17) |
a
Admitted patients were identified as non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White.