Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the health workers.
| Variables | Percentages n (%) |
Total PHDI Score (Mean ± SD) | Total HEI-2020 Score (Mean ± SD) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-Night-Shift | During Night Shift | Post-Night-Shift | Pre-Night-Shift | During Night Shift | Post-Night-Shift | ||
| Gender | |||||||
| Female | 327 (72.7) | 51.9 ± 13.4 a | 48.2 ± 13.8 b | 50.8 ± 14.9 a | 46.6 ± 9.4 a | 43.8 ± 8.8 b | 44.6 ± 10.2 b |
| F = 10,730.176; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.971 | F = 8034.557; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.985 | ||||||
| Male | 123 (27.3) | 51.9 ± 13.3 a | 48.8 ± 11.7 b | 50.8 ± 14.9 a,b | 44.7 ± 8.4 | 44.6 ± 8.6 | 45.0 ± 8.9 |
| F = 5049.914; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.976 | F = 18,506.432; p = 0.170; η2 = 0.014 | ||||||
| Age group (years) | |||||||
| 20–25 | 122 (27.1) | 49.3 ± 14.1 a | 45.5 ± 12.9 b | 46.2 ± 14.5 a,b | 45.6 ± 9.6 a | 43.4 ± 8.4 b | 42.7 ± 9.9 b |
| F = 3830.169; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.969 | F = 6830.632; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.983 | ||||||
| 26–30 | 188 (41.8) | 52.5 ± 13.2 a | 49.7 ± 13.1 b | 51.7 ± 14.9 a,b | 45.9 ± 9.1 a,b | 44.4 ± 8.6 b | 46.1 ± 9.9 a |
| F = 6845.947; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.973 | F = 10,859.282; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.983 | ||||||
| 31–40 | 140 (31.1) | 53.4 ± 12.8 a | 48.9 ± 13.5 b | 52.9 ± 14.5 a | 46.7 ± 8.8 a | 44.1 ± 9.4 b | 44.7 ± 9.6 b |
| F = 5937.575; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.977 | F = 9026.722; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.985 | ||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||
| Normal weight | 288 (64.0) | 51.5 ± 13.3 a | 48.4 ± 13.3 b | 51.2 ± 15.4 a | 46.3 ± 9.5 a | 44.5 ± 8.5 b | 45.2 ± 9.9 a |
| F = 4.642; p = 0.010; η2 = 0.016 | F = 3.407; p = 0.034; η2 = 0.012 | ||||||
| Overweight | 135 (30.0) | 51.7 ± 13.2 a | 47.8 ± 13.5 b | 49.4 ± 13.9 b | 45.1 ± 8.4 a | 43.4 ± 9.2 b | 43.7 ± 9.8 b |
| F = 3.057; p = 0.049; η2 = 0.022 | F = 1.549; p = 0.011; η2 = 0.011 | ||||||
| Obese | 27 (6.0) | 56.8 ± 13.7 | 50.5 ± 11.6 | 50.4 ± 13.7 | 48.8 ± 8.8 | 43.8 ± 9.3 | 45.5 ± 10.1 |
| F = 2.631; p = 0.082; η2 = 0.092 | F = 2.147; p = 0.127; η2 = 0.076 | ||||||
| Marital status | |||||||
| Married | 200 (44.4) | 53.1 ± 12.8 a | 49.4 ± 12.9 b | 51.7 ± 14.6 a,b | 46.7 ± 8.6 a | 44.6 ± 9.2 b | 45.6 ± 9.7 a,b |
| F = 8042.590; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.976 | F = 13,786.891; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.986 | ||||||
| Single | 250 (55.6) | 50.9 ± 13.8 a | 47.5 ± 13.5 b | 49.7 ± 15.1 b | 45.6 ± 9.6 a | 43.6 ± 8.4 b | 44.1 ± 9.9 a,b |
| F = 7959.767; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.970 | F = 13,266.537; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.982 | ||||||
| Job title | |||||||
| Nurse | 267 (59.3) | 50.2 ± 13.5 a | 46.6 ± 12.9 b | 49.1 ± 15.6 b | 46.5 ± 9.0 a | 44.7 ± 8.6 b | 44.6 ± 10.3 b |
| F = 8425.803; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.969 | F = 14,954.402; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.983 | ||||||
| Doctor | 36 (8.0) | 50.5 ± 13.2 a | 46.3 ± 12.9 b | 52.6 ± 14 a | 45.6 ± 9.6 a | 44.9 ± 7.7 b | 48.9 ± 9.6 a |
| F = 1694.439; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.980 | F = 2088.182; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.984 | ||||||
| Emergency medical technician | 100 (22.2) | 54.5 ± 12.8 a | 49.7 ± 12.4 b | 51.6 ± 12.4 a,b | 45.4 ± 9.4 a | 42.1 ± 8.4 b | 44.1 ± 9.4 a,b |
| F = 4620.098; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.979 | F = 7232.001; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.987 | ||||||
| Ambulance care technician | 47 (10.4) | 57.0 ± 12.1 | 56.5 ± 14.2 | 55.6 ± 14.7 | 45.7 ± 9.2 | 43.8 ± 10.5 | 43.9 ± 7.9 |
| F = 2685.913; p = 0.881; η2 = 0.003 | F = 2789.670; p = 0.489; η2 = 0.015 | ||||||
| Sleeping during night shift | |||||||
| Not sleeping | 118 (26.2) | 47.1 ± 11.9 a | 43.9 ± 13.4 b | 46.3 ± 13.3 a,b | 44.9 ± 8.6 a | 42.8 ± 7.6 b | 43.4 ± 9.3 a,b |
| F = 4145.019; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.973 | F = 8357.545; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.986 | ||||||
| 0–2 h sleep | 332 (73.8) | 53.6 ± 13.4 a | 49.9 ± 13.4 b | 52.1 ± 15.1 a | 46.5 ± 9.3 a | 44.5 ± 9.1 b | 45.2 ± 10.1 a,b |
| F = 13,167.330; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.975 | F = 18,804.628; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.983 | ||||||
| Physical activity status | |||||||
| Inadequate | 170 (37.8) | 48.9 ± 13.1 a | 45.8 ± 12.5 b | 48.1 ± 15.3 a,b | 46.7 ± 8.8 | 45.7 ± 8.4 | 45.1 ± 9.9 |
| F = 10,383.005; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.974 | F = 9883.626; p = 0.189; η2 = 0.010 | ||||||
| Adequate | 280 (62.2) | 53.7 ± 13.2 a | 49.9 ± 13.5 b | 52.1 ± 14.4 a | 45.7 ± 9.3 a | 43.0 ± 8.9 b | 44.5 ± 9.9 a,b |
| F = 6230.596; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.974 | F = 16,912.648; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.984 | ||||||
a,b represent the statistically significant differences among the line groups at p < 0.05. BMI: body mass index; HEI: Healthy Eating Index; SD: standard deviation; PHDI: Planetary Health Diet Index.