Figure 1.

Schematic representation illustrating how the production of free radicals (ROS/RNS) affects biological systems by causing cellular stress and even resulting in various mental illnesses, as well as how Cannabis sativa may help to treat these. [HOCl: Hypochlorous acid; H₂O₂: Hydrogen peroxide; ¹O₂: Singlet oxygen; O₂^.−: Superoxide; OH^•: Hydroxyl radical; OONO⁻: Peroxynitrite; NO^.: Nitric oxide; Fe²⁺: Iron ion; Cu²⁺: Copper ion; Cl⁻: Chlorine ion; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; RNS: Reactive nitrogen species; NOS: Nitric oxide synthase; MPO: Myeloperoxidase; BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; GSK-3: Glycogen synthase kinase 3; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxy2-deoxyguanosine; ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases; IL-1β, interleukin 1 beta; TNF α: Tumor necrosis factor α].