TABLE 2.
Prophages of S. pyogenes and their integration sites and associated virulence genes
| Target gene (attB) | Gene target for integration (attB) | Associated phages (virulence genesa) | Identifierb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single-stranded DNA binding protein recO | 3′ | MGAS10394.1 (sdn) | A |
| RNA helicase snf | 3′ | MGAS8232.1 (speA1) | B |
| Promoter of hypothetical Spy49_0371 | 5′ | NZ131.1 (none identified) | C |
| Dipeptidase | 5′ | SF370.1 (speC-spd1)MGAS10270.1 (speC-spd1)MGAS10750.1 (speC-spd1)Man.4 (speC-spd1) MGAS2096.1 (speC-spd1)MGAS9429.1 (speC-spd1)MGAS8232.2 (speC-spd1)ND23.1 (speC-spd1) | D |
| tRNAarg | 3′ | MGAS10394.2(speA4) | E |
| dTDP-glucose-4,6-dehydratase | 3′ | SF370.2 (speH-speI)MGAS10270.2 (spd3)MGAS10750.2 (spd3)Man.3 (speH-speI)MGAS9429.2 (speH-speI)HKU16.3 (speH-speI)ND23.3 (ssa)NZ131.2 (speH) | F |
| CRISPR type II system direct repeat sequence | 5′ | MGAS315.1 (none identified)SPsP6 (none identified) | G |
| tmRNA | 3′ | T12 (speA) MGAS5005.1 (speA2)A20.1 (speA2)M1 476.1 (speA2)HSC5.1 (speL-speM)MGAS315.2 (ssa)SpsP5 (ssa)MGAS10394.3 (speK-slaA)MGAS8232.3 (speL-speM)ND23.4 (spd3)MGAS6180.1 (speC-spd1)Alab49.1 (speL-speM) | H |
| trmA | 3′ | m46.1 (mefA) | I |
| comE | NDc | MGAS10394.4 (mefA) | J |
| DNA-binding protein HU | 5′ | SF370.3 (spd3)MGAS5005.2 (spd3)A20.2 (spd3)M1 476.2 (spd3)MGAS315.3 (spd4)SPsP4 (ssa)MGAS10750.3 (ssa)Man.2 (spd4)MGAS10394.5 (speC-spd1)MGAS8232.4 (spd3)ND23.2 (speI)HSC5.2 (spd3)Alab49.2 (speC-spd1)MGAS1882.1 (speK-slaA) | K |
| Promoter of yesN | 5′ | MGAS10270.3 (speK-sla)MGAS315.4 (speK-sla)SPsP3 (speK-sla)MGAS6180.2 (speK-slaA) | L |
| Regulatory protein recX | 5′ | MGAS315.5 (speA3)SPsP2 (speA3)Man.1 (spd1)MGAS10394.6 (sda)Alab49.3 (spd3) | M |
| Putative gamma-glutamyl kinase | 5′ | MGAS315.6 (sdn)SPsP1 (sdn) | N |
| tRNAser | 3′ | MGAS5005.3 (sda)A20.3 (sdaD2)M1 476.3 (sdaD2)HKU16.2 (sdaD2)MGAS2096.2 (sdaD2)MGAS9429.3 (sda) | O |
| HAD-like hydrolase | 5′ | MGAS8232.5 (sda) | P |
| Excinuclease subunit uvrA | 5′ | HSC5.3 (spd3)HKU16.1 (ssa speC)MGAS10394.7 (spd3) | Q |
| Conserved hypothetical protein Spy49_1532 | 5′ | NZ131.3 (spd3) | R |
| DNA MMR protein mutL | 5′ | SpyCIM1 (SF370.4)SpyCIM2 (MGAS10270.4)SpyCIM4 (MGAS10750.4)SpyCIM5 (man.5)SpyCIM6 (MGAS10394.8)SpyCIM25 SpyCIM28 (MGAS6180.3)SpyCIM53 (Alab49.4)SpyCIM59 (MGAS15252.1)SpyCIM59.1 (MGAS1882.1) | S |
| SSU ribosomal protein S4P | 3′’ | MGAS10270.5 (none identified)MGAS6180.4 (none identified)MGAS15252.2 (none identified) | T |
a
Prophage associated genes: superantigens: speA, speC, speH, speI, speK, speL, speM, ssa, and their alleles; DNases (streptodornases): sda, spn, spd, and their alleles; phospholipase: sla and alleles; macrolide efflux pump: mefA.
b
Identifier for the phylogenetic tree in Fig. 5.
c
ND, not determined.