Table 4.
Multi-drug resistance (MDR) patterns in Shigella isolates from pediatric patients in Mashhad, Iran, between 2019 and 2022, based on two age categories.
| Antibiotic resistance profile | Age |
No. of strains (%) N = 74 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year ≤5 (55.4 %, N = 41) |
Year >5 (44.6 %, N = 33) |
||||||
| S. sonnei No. (%) | S. flexneri No. (%) | S. boydii No. (%) | S. sonnei No. (%) | S. flexneri No. (%) | S. boydii No. (%) | ||
| AMP-TET-SXT-AZT-NA-CIP-OFL-NOR | 2 (4.8) | – | – | – | – | – | 2 (2.7) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-AZT-NA-CIP-CTX-CRO | – | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-AZT-NA-CIP-CTX | 2 (4.8) | – | – | – | – | – | 2 (2.7) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-AZT-NA-CTX | 4 (9.5) | 1 (2.3) | – | – | – | – | 5 (6.8) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-AZT-NA-CIP | – | – | – | 2 (6.3) | – | – | 2 (2.7) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-AZT-CTX-CRO | – | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-NA-CTX-CRO | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-AZT-NA | 2 (4.8) | – | – | 4 (12.5) | – | – | 6 (8.1) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-CTX-CRO | 1 (2.3) | 3 (7.1) | – | – | – | – | 4 (5.4) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-AZT-CTX | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-NA-CTX | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-NA-CTX-OFL | 1 (2.3) | – | – | – | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-NA-CIP-OFL | – | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-SXT-AZT-NA-CTX | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| CTX-TET-NA-NOR-LEV | – | 1 (2.3) | – | – | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-AZT | 7 (16.6) | – | 1 (2.3) | 8 (25) | 1 (3.1) | – | 17 (23.0) |
| AMP-TET-AZT-NA | 1 (2.3) | 1 (2.3) | – | – | – | – | 2 (2.7) |
| AMP-SXT-AZT-NA | 2 (4.7) | – | – | – | – | – | 2 (2.7) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-NA | 1 (2.3) | – | – | – | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-SXT-CTX | 1 (2.3) | – | – | – | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-NA-OFL | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-SXT-AZT-CTX | 1 (2.3) | – | – | – | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| SXT-AZT-NA-CTX | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| TET-SXT-AZT-CIP | 1 (2.3) | – | – | – | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| TET-SXT-NA-CIP | – | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-TET-SXT | 1 (2.3) | 1 (2.3) | – | 4 (12.5) | 2 (6.2) | – | 8 (10.8) |
| TET-SXT-NA | 3 (7.1) | – | – | – | – | – | 3 (4.0) |
| AMP-SXT-AZT | 1 (2.3) | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | – | 2 (2.7) |
| AMP-TET-AZT | 1 (2.3) | – | – | – | – | – | 1 (1.3) |
| AMP-AZT-NA | 1 (2.3) | – | – | 1 (3.1) | – | – | 2 (2.7) |
| Total | 33 (79.0) | 7 (16.6) | 1 (2.3) | 27 (84.3) | 6 (18.7) | 0 (00.0) | 74 (100.0) |
Abbreviations: AMP, ampicillin; TET, tetracycline; SXT, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; AZT, azithromycin; CTX, cefotaxime; CRO, ceftriaxone MEM, Meropenem; NA, nalidixic acid; CIP, ciprofloxacin; OFL, ofloxacin; NOR, norfloxacin; LEV, levofloxacin.