Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| Control | OSA-LAT | OSA + LAT | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 15 | n = 10 | n = 15 | ||
| Age | 46 ± 6 | 53 ± 10 | 46 ± 12 | 0.161 |
| Male (%) | 12 (80.0) | 8 (80.0) | 14 (93.3) | 0.52 |
| BMI | 25.5 ± 5.1 | 26.8 ± 4.6 | 25.4 ± 2.3 | 0.543 |
| Sleep Questionnaire | ||||
| BDI | 9.6 ± 5.7 | 10.5 ± 5.5 | 10.1 ± 5.4 | 0.846 |
| ESS | 6.4 ± 3.0 | 7.1 ± 3.7 | 7.1 ± 2.4 | 0.847 |
| PSQI | 5.6 ± 3.5 | 7.3 ± 3.1 | 10.4 ± 5.4** | 0.017 |
| PSG results | ||||
| TST (min) | 298.1 ± 90.4 | 280.7 ± 55.4 | 296.6 ± 36.5 | 0.59 |
| N1% | 17.5 ± 12.6 | 19.5 ± 8.9 | 24.3 ± 11.0* | 0.034 |
| N2% | 55.8 ± 11.2 | 47.4 ± 12.4 | 44.6 ± 13.8 | 0.047 |
| N3% | 10.8 ± 7.3 | 6.3 ± 11.4 | 7.3 ± 8.2 | 0.109 |
| REM% | 14.5 ± 7.6 | 13.8 ± 4.3 | 16.7 ± 6.5 | 0.498 |
| SE% | 83.0 ± 22.9 | 81.4 ± 10.8 | 86.4 ± 5.5 | 0.096 |
| SL (min) | 15.1 ± 24.4 | 10.1 ± 7.8 | 4.5 ± 3.1 | 0.192 |
| Arousal Index (/hr) | 15.1 ± 8.1 | 27.9 ± 9.8** | 30.2 ± 10.2** | 0.001 |
| Apnea Index (/hr) | 0.5 ± 1.3 | 12.6 ± 6.0** | 5.9 ± 4.4**## | < 0.001 |
| Hypopnea Index (/hr) | 2.7 ± 2.2 | 19.0 ± 6.8** | 21.7 ± 5.2** | < 0.001 |
| Hypopnea fraction (%) | 79.6 ± 33.4 | 59.7 ± 16.7 | 78.8 ± 15.2 | < 0.001 |
| AHI (/hr) | 3.2 ± 2.3 | 31.6 ± 6.3** | 27.6 ± 4.2** | 0.013 |
| minSat% | 90.9 ± 2.8 | 74.9 ± 7.2** | 85.1 ± 3.4**## | < 0.001 |
The data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation or number (percent).
p value: for one-way ANOVA.
*and **: post hoc p value < 0.017 and < 0.01, respectively, compared with the controls, ##: post hoc p value < 0.01 compared to OSA-LAT patients.
Abbreviations: OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; LAT, low arousal threshold; BMI, body mass index; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; TST, total sleep time; REM, rapid eye movement sleep; SE, sleep efficiency; SL, sleep latency; AHI, apnea–hypopnea index; minSat, minimum saturation.