Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Population | Intervention treatment | Comparative treatment | Sample size (women) | Age, y | Study duration | Baseline LDL-C, mg/dL | LDL-C difference between groups after treatment, mg/dL | LDL-C after treatment (intervention, mg/dL) | LDL-C after treatment (control, mg/dL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannon, 2015 [27] | ACS patients with LDL-C levels ≥ 50 mg/dL | Ezetimibe 10 mg, plus simvastatin 40 mg | Simvastatin 40 mg | 18144 (25.4%) | 63.6 | 7 y | 94 | 17 (18.1%) | 53.2 | 69.9 |
| Japaridze, 2017 [29] | ACS patients with LDL-C levels ≥ 70 mg/dL | Ezetimibe 10 mg, plus atorvastatin 20 mg | Atorvastatin 40 mg | 292 (46.2%) | 62.4 | 12 w | 108 | 12 (11.1%) | 61.9 | 73.9 |
| Liu, 2017 [31] | ACS patients | Ezetimibe 10 mg, plus atorvastatin 10 mg | Atorvastatin 20 mg | 230 (48.3%) | 84 | 1 y | 87 | 8 (9.2%) | 46.4 | 54.1 |
| Ran, 2017 [33] | Non-ST segment elevation ACS patients underwent urgent PCI | Ezetimibe 10 mg, plus rosuvastatin 10 mg | Rosuvastatin 10 mg or 20 mg | 125 (25.6%) | 60.5 | 12 w | 141 | 25 (17.7%) | 46..0 | 64.0 |
| Schwartz, 2018 [34] | ACS patients with LDL-C levels ≥ 70 mg/dL, non–HDL-C ≥ 100 mg/dL, or apolipoprotein B ≥ 80 mg/dL | Alirocumab 75 mg, plus atorvastatin 40 or 80 mg or rosuvastatin 20 or 40 mg | Atorvastatin 40 or 80 mg or rosuvastatin 20 or 40 mg | 18924 (25.2%) | 58.6 | 2.8 y | 92 | 37 (40.2%) | 66.0 | 101.0 |
| Koskinas, 2019 [30] | ACS patients with LDL-C levels ≥ 70 mg/dL (high-intensity statin); ≥90 mg/dL (low or moderate intensity statin); or ≥ 125 mg/dL (without stable statin) | Evolocumab 420 mg, plus atorvastatin 40 mg | Atorvastatin 40 mg | 308 (18.5%) | 60.7 | 8 w | 135 | 55 (40.7%) | 36.7 | 80.0 |
| Tan, 2021 [35] | ACS patients | Ezetimibe 10 mg, plus, atorvastatin 10 mg | Atorvastatin 40 mg | 183 (44.8%) | 49.0 | 24 m | 128 | 35 (27.3%) | 58.0 | 106.3 |
| Räber, 2022 [32] | Patients underwent urgent PCI with LDL-C levels ≥ 70 mg/dL (receiving stable statin) or ≥ 125 mg/dL (without stable statin treatment) | Alirocumab 150 mg, plus rosuvastatin 20 mg | Rosuvastatin 20 mg | 298 (18.8%) | 58.5 | 52 w | 153 | 55 (35.9%) | 23.6 | 74.4 |
| Yan, 2022 [28] | Patients underwent urgent PCI with LDL-C levels ≥ 116 mg/dL | Evolocumab 140 mg, plus atorvastatin 40 mg and ezetimibe 10 mg | Atorvastatin 40 mg and ezetimibe 10 mg | 136 (31.6%) | 62.2 | 3 m | 137 | 27 (19.7%) | 22.4 | 49.1 |
Abbreviations: ACS, acute coronary syndrome; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.