Table 1.
Maternal and infant demographic characteristics
| Study characteristics | Result |
|---|---|
| Maternal age | |
| Median (range) | 26 (18–33) years |
| Maternal education, n/N (%) | |
| Primary school | 6/20 (30) |
| High school | 8/20 (40) |
| Graduate and above | 6/20 (30) |
| Socio-economic class, n/N (%) | |
| Lower middle | 11/20 (55) |
| Upper lower | 9/20 (45) |
| Maternal history of psychological illness | 0/20 |
| Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, n/N (%) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 positive in the antenatal period | 18/20 (90) |
| Symptomatic COVID-19 | 5/20 (25) |
| Severe COVID-19 requiring ICU care | 0/20 (0) |
| Multiple gestations, n/N (%) | |
| Twin | 1/20 (5) |
| Mode of delivery, n/N (%) | |
| Vaginal | 8/20 (40) |
| Assisted vaginal | 1/20 (5) |
| Cesarean | 11/20 (55) |
| Skin-to-skin contact following birth | 0/20 (0) |
| Mother-child separation following delivery | 8/20 (40) |
| Need of resuscitation | 0/20 (0) |
| Antenatal steroid coverage of preterm births | 4/4 (100) |
| Preterm (<37 completed weeks) | 4/20 (20) |
| Male | 11/20 (55) |
| Low birth weight | 8/20 (40) |
| Small for gestational age | 6/20 (30) |
| Asian race | 20/20 (100) |
| Any breastfeeding | 20/20 (100) |
| Exclusive breastfeeding till 6 months | 14/20 (70) |
| Onset of neonatal COVID-19 infection, n/N (%) | |
| ≤3 days of life | 15/20 (75) |
| >3 days of life | 5/20 (25) |
| Symptoms of COVID-19 in neonates | 7/20 (35) |
| Respiratory | 7/7 |
| Central nervous system | 1/7 |
| Gastrointestinal | 1/7 |
| Immunized for age, n/N (%) | 20/20 (100) |
| Parental concerns, n/N (%) | |
| Delay in milestones | 1/20 (5) |
| Hearing difficulties | 0/20 |
| Visual difficulties | 0/20 |