Table 4.

Sensitivity and specificity of novel metrics with previous standards in entire cohort between surgical CoA and No CoA (N = 110)

Metric	Sensitivity, %	Specificity, %	Confidence interval sensitivity	Confidence interval specificity	PPV, %	NPV, %	p value
Novel metrics
VTI diastolic systolic ratio (>0.31)	32	90	0.21–0.46	0.79–0.96	53	80	<0.01
AAo-DAo angle (<21 degrees)	100	98	0.94–1.0	0.72–0.98	92	100	<0.01
TAo-DAo angle (>98 degrees)	100	97	0.94–1.0	0.7–0.96	90	100	<0.01
LV long strain (<12.8%)	85	96	0.63–0.94	0.68–0.95	88	96	<0.01
Standard metrics
Combined mitral/aortic Z-score (<−4.1)	39	81	0.27–0.44	0.58–0.89	28	90	0.08
Flow reversal PFO or aortic arch	47	82	0.37–0.52	0.6–0.92	36	88	0.32

VTI, velocity time interval; AAo, ascending aorta; DAo, descending aorta; TAo, thoracic aorta; LV, left ventricular; PFO, patent foramen ovale.