1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
2Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
3University of Delaware, Department of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, Newark, DE USA
4Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Chicago, IL USA
5University of California at San Diego, Division of Preventive Medicine, San Diego, CA USA
6National Institute on Aging, Division of Intramural Research, Baltimore, MD USA
7University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA
8Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Chicago, IL USA
9University of Virginia, Department of Surgery, Charlottesville, VA USA
10Augusta University, Department of Physical Therapy, Augusta, GA USA
11University of Kentucky, Center for Muscle Biology, Lexington, KY USA
12Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, IL USA
13Stanford University, Department of Health Research and Policy, Palo Alto, CA USA
14University of Florida, Department of Physiology and Aging, Gainesville, FL USA
© The Author(s) 2024
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.