Fig. 3.

Stimulation effects on walking with cognitive dual task. Effects of nGVS at individually optimal vs. sham stimulation (nGVS intensity at 0 mA) during walking with a cognitive dual task (verbal fluency) on gait (A–E) and concomitant cognitive performance (F). Performance metrics are displayed as dual task cost, i.e., percentage change of performance during dual task in relation to performance during preferred walking (gait metrics) or cognitive single task (cognitive metric). Results are displayed for all patients as well as subdivided for patients that did (responders: +) vs. did not (non-responders: −) show improvement of static balance during nGVS treatment. CV coefficient of variation, asym asymmetry