TABLE 4.
Paternal age and offspring blood DNA methylation.
| CpG | Newborn blood DNA methylation | Childhood blood DNA methylation | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effect | SE | p‐Value | Chr | Position | Gene | Direction a | Effect | SE | p‐Value | Direction b | |
| Min. model | Main model | ||||||||||
| cg21005510a | −0.00077 | 0.000126 | 1.08E‐09 | 7 | 63,353,570 | − | |||||
| cg24354818b | 0.001192 | 0.000223 | 9.06E‐08 | 20 | 62,328,094 | RTEL1‐TNFRSF6B | ++++−+++++++++ | 0.001207 | 0.000314 | 0.00012 | ++++ |
| cg07620230c | 0.001099 | 0.000216 | 3.41E‐07 | 20 | 62,328,084 | RTEL1‐TNFRSF6B | +−++−+++++++++ | 0.001151 | 0.000307 | 0.00018 | ++++ |
| cg20110801 | −0.00052 | 0.000102 | 4.07E‐07 | 19 | 56,014,812 | SSC5D | −−−+−−−−−−−−−− | ||||
| cg23548885 | 0.000137 | 2.73E‐05 | 5.06E‐07 | 2 | 47,150 | FAM110C | ++++++++++++−+ | ||||
| cg05282518 | −0.00066 | 0.000132 | 5.09E‐07 | 14 | 20,344,920 | OR4K2 | −−−−−−−−−−−−+− | ||||
| cg17900015 | −0.00051 | 0.000102 | 5.76E‐07 | 17 | 38,957,507 | KRT28 | −−−+−+++−−−−+− | ||||
| cg14583127 | −0.00072 | 0.000146 | 7.86E‐07 | 10 | 37,940,493 | −−−−+−−−−−−−−− | |||||
| cg07105285 | 0.000611 | 0.000124 | 8.77E‐07 | 11 | 92,702,663 | MTNR1B | +++−++++++++++ | ||||
| cg16702083 | 0.001308 | 0.000266 | 8.89E‐07 | 20 | 62,328,427 | RTEL1‐TNFRSF6B | ++++−+++++++++ | 0.002056 | 0.000446 | 3.96E‐06 | ++++ |
| cg07103517 | −0.0004 | 8.32E‐05 | 1.29E‐06 | 7 | 50,348,485 | IKZF1 | − | ||||
| Main model | Main Model | ||||||||||
| cg21005510a | −0.00074 | 0.00014 | 1.37E‐07 | 7 | 63,353,570 | −−−+−+−−−−−−−− | |||||
| cg15893204d | −0.00017 | 3.24E‐05 | 1.62E‐07 | 1 | 56,247,952 | −−−−−−+−−−−−−? | |||||
| BMI model | Main Model | ||||||||||
| cg05244581 | −0.00044 | 8.30E‐05 | 8.87E‐08 | 8 | 25,315,002 | PPP2R2A; KCTD9; CDCA2 | − | ||||
| cg03772384 | −0.0003 | 5.63E‐05 | 1.17E‐07 | 3 | 12,851,369 | CAND2 | −−−−+−−−−−−− | ||||
| cg15893204d | −0.00018 | 3.48E‐05 | 1.58E‐07 | 1 | 56,247,952 | −−−−−+−−−−−− | |||||
| cg11595575 | 0.001026 | 0.0002 | 2.71E‐07 | 5 | 140,235,510 | PCDHA1‐PCDHA10 | +++++?+????+ | 0.000734 | 0.000248 | 0.0031 | ++++ |
| cg00227110 | −0.00025 | 4.84E‐05 | 3.01E‐07 | 11 | 124,056,297 | −−−++−−−−−−− | 0.000145 | 7.25E‐05 | 0.045 | −+++ | |
| cg24354818b | 0.001362 | 0.00027 | 4.46E‐07 | 20 | 62,328,094 | RTEL1‐TNFRSF6B | +++−++++++++ | 0.001207 | 0.000314 | 0.00012 | ++++ |
| cg07620230c | 0.001295 | 0.000259 | 6.04E‐07 | 20 | 62,328,084 | RTEL1‐TNFRSF6B | +++−++++++++ | 0.001151 | 0.000307 | 0.00018 | ++++ |
Note: For newborn results, paternal age modeled in years and minimal model adjusted for cell types and batch; main model additionally adjusted for maternal smoking, maternal education, maternal race/ethnicity/ancestry, parity, and selection (as applicable, see Data S1); BMI model additionally adjusted for BMI. Results noted if PFDR < 0.05. For childhood results, only the main model was used and included only nominally significant (p < 0.05) results. * Superscripted letters a,b,c,d designates the same CpG identifed across the adjusted models.
Cohorts listed in the following order for newborn models: ALSPAC, NORTHPOP, GenR, POSEIDON, EARLI, MARBLES, CHAMACOS, INMA, MoBa1, MoBa2, MoBa4, MoBa8, UKIDS, CHS; BMI model excluded one cohort for missing BMI information (NORTHPOP) but was otherwise in the same order.
Cohorts listed in the following order for childhood models: Upstate KIDS, HELIX, MMNP, PMMST.