Table 3. ROC analysis results of the T1, T2, PD, and ADC values of PCA vs. BPH, PCA vs. inflammation, low-risk and intermediate-to-high risk PCA, and GS upgrade vs. nonupgraded.
| Parameter | TZ PCA vs. BPH | PZ PCA vs. inflammation | Intermediate-to-high risk vs. low-risk PCA | GS upgraded vs.
nonupgraded PCA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 (msec) | ||||
| AUC | 0.760 (0.685–0.824) | 0.698 (0.618–0.769) | 0.601 (0.525–0.674) | 0.717 (0.595–0.820) |
| Sen (%) | 77.1 (64.5–86.8) | 55.6 (46. –64.7) | 53.5 (44.0–62.8) | 83.3 (58.6–96.4) |
| Spe (%) | 64.6 (54.2–74.1) | 77.1 (59.9–89.6) | 54.8 (41.7–67.5) | 56.0 (41.3–70.0) |
| Cutoff value | ≤1,269 | ≤1,267 | ≥1,227 | >1,203 |
| T2 (msec) | ||||
| AUC | 0.742 (0.666–0.808) | 0.744 (0.667–0.812) | 0.646 (0.571–0.717) | 0.735 (0.614–0.835) |
| Sen (%) | 62.3 (49.0–74.4) | 89.0 (81.7–93.9) | 84.5 (76.6–90.5) | 94.4 (72.7–99.9) |
| Spe (%) | 79.2 (69.7–86.8) | 54.3 (36.6–71.2) | 43.6 (31.0–56.7) | 48.0 (33.7–62.6) |
| Cutoff value | ≤75 | ≤85 | ≥71 | >71 |
| PD (pu) | ||||
| AUC | 0.699 (0.620–0.769) | 0.682 (0.601–0.755) | 0.636 (0.561–0.707) | 0.707 (0.584–0.811) |
| Sen (%) | 50.8 (37.7–63.9) | 67.5 (58.2–75.9) | 27.6 (19.7–36.7) | 50.0 (26.0–74.0) |
| Spe (%) | 80.2 (70.8–87.6) | 68.6 (50.7–83.1) | 95.2 (86.5–99.0) | 78.0 (64.0–88.5) |
| Cutoff value | ≤79 | ≤82 | ≥83 | >83 |
| ADC (×10−6 mm2/s) | ||||
| AUC | 0.974 (0.935–0.993) | 0.935 (0.884–0.969) | 0.708 (0.635–0.774) | 0.743 (0.622–0.841) |
| Sen (%) | 91.8 (81.9–97.3) | 89.7 (82.8–94.6) | 66.4 (57.0–74.9) | 66.7 (41.0–86.7) |
| Spe (%) | 94.8 (88.3–98.3) | 91.4 (76.9–98.2) | 77.4 (65.0–87.1) | 78.0 (64.0–88.5) |
| Cutoff value | ≤700 | ≤711 | ≤600 | ≤597 |
| PLR | 17.63 (7.48–41.52) | 10.47 (3.54–30.95) | 2.94 (1.82–447) | 3.03 (1.64–5.61) |
| NLR | 0.086 (0.037–0.20) | 0.11 (0.065–0.19) | 0.43 (0.33–0.58) | 0.43 (0.22–0.83) |
| PPV (%) | 91.8 (82.6–96.3) | 97.2 (92.2–99.0) | 84.6 (77.3–89.9) | 52.2 (37.1–66.9) |
| NPV (%) | 94.8 (88.7–97.7) | 72.7 (60.7–82.1) | 55.2 (48.0–62.2) | 86.7 (76.9–92.7) |
| ADC+Sy(T2+PD) | ||||
| AUC | – | – | 0.818 (0.754–0.872) | 0.947 (0.864–0.987) |
| Sen (%) | – | – | 66.38 (57.0–74.9) | 94.44 (72.7–99.9) |
| Spe (%) | – | – | 90.32 (80.1–96.4) | 92.00 (80.8–97.8) |
| Cutoff value | – | – | ≥0.72349 | ≥0.26734 |
| PLR | – | – | 6.86 (3.17–14.84) | 11.81 (4.58–30.42) |
| NLR | – | – | 0.37 (0.28–0.49) | 0.06 (0.009–0.41) |
| PPV (%) | – | – | 92.8 (85.6–96.5) | 81.0 (62.3–91.6) |
| NPV (%) | – | – | 58.9 (52.3–65.3) | 97.9 (87.2–99.7) |
Values in parentheses are the 95% CI. ROC, receiver operating characteristic; PD, proton density; ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; PCA, prostate cancer; BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia; GS, Gleason Score; TZ, transformation zone; PZ, peripheral zone; AUC, area under the curve; Sen, sensitivity; Spe, specificity; PLR, positive likelihood ratio; NLR, negative likelihood ratio; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; CI, confidence interval.