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. 2024 Aug 13;29:416. doi: 10.1186/s40001-024-01997-z

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate were compared between the two groups at each time during operation. # represents P < 0.05; when compared with group L, systolic blood pressure at T4 and T5 in group D was lower than that in group L. & represents P < 0.05; when compared with group L, diastolic blood pressure at T4 and T5 in group D was lower than that in group L * represents P < 0.05; when compared with group L, the heart rate of group D was lower than that of group L at T3–T5. T1: When placing the ultrasonic probe, T2: When block is completed, T3: Before surgery begins, T4: 5 min after the surgery started, T5: At the end of surgery. b Oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were compared between the two groups at each time during the operation. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05)