Table S3.

Risk of bias assessment of non-randomized trials using the ROBINS-I tool

First author	Year	Bias due to confounding	Bias in selection of participants into the study	Bias in classification of interventions	Bias due to deviations from intended interventions	Bias due to missing data	Bias in measurement of outcomes	Bias in selection of the reported result	Overall bias
Lang	2022	Critical	Serious	Low	Low	Low	Serious	Moderate	Critical
Lumikari	2020	Moderate	Serious	Low	Low	Low	Serious	Moderate	Serious
Magnusson	2020	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Moderate
Pagola	2017	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Moderate
Pagola	2016	Serious	Serious	Low	Low	Low	Serious	Moderate	Serious
Sampaio	2018	Low	Moderate	Low	Low	Low	Moderate	Low	Moderate