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. 2024 Mar 6;65(7):370–379. doi: 10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2022-143

Table S4.

Risk of bias assessment of cohort studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale

First author Year Representativeness of the exposed cohort Selection of the non- exposed cohort Ascertainment of exposure Demonstration that outcome of interest was not present at start of study Comparability of cohorts on the basis of the design or analysis Assessment of outcome Was follow- up long enough for outcomes to occur Adequacy of follow up of cohorts
Khan 2020 * * * * * * *
Martinez Tomas 2021 * * * * * *
Motolese 2021 * * * * * *
Pagola 2021 * * * * ** * * *
Flint 2012 * * * * ** * * *
Kalani 2015 * * * * ** * * *
Kass-Hout 2018 * * * * ** * *
Miller 2013 * * * * * * *
Krathen 2021 * * * * * * *
Matsumura 2020 * * * * * * * *