Figure 2.

Increasing continuous shear rate decreased platelet adhesion on PVC and PC. A) Representative confocal micrographs of platelet adhesion (cyan) on PVC and PC after 10 min of continuous flow at 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 5000 s⁻¹. Scale bar = 50 µm. B) CFD model of the shear rate at h = 2 µm (approximate platelet level) above the biomaterial surface at target shear rates of 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 5000 s⁻¹. Scale bar = 50 µm. Total fluorescent surface area indicating platelet adhesion over 10 min on C) PVC and E) PC. Quantification of total platelet adhesion at 10 min showed a statistically significant decrease in platelet adhesion from 500 and 1000 s⁻¹ to 2000, 3000, and 5000 s⁻¹ on D) PVC and F) PC. Error bars are mean ± SEM, n = 5 donors. Significance comparisons are *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 by an ordinary one‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc test. Significance presented compared to 500 s⁻¹ unless otherwise indicated.