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. 2024 Aug 13;7:180. doi: 10.1038/s42004-024-01256-6

Fig. 14. Functionality of Hcyanine dyes in dependence of pH.

Fig. 14

The deprotonated form of Hcyanine dyes exhibits potent photothermal efficiency due to intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from the terminal amine to Hcyanine. However, protonation of Hcyanine results in the loss of ICT and photothermal activity, while strong fluorescence emission can be observed.