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. 2024 Aug 13;7:180. doi: 10.1038/s42004-024-01256-6

Fig. 22. Structure of sonodynamic heptamethine cyanine dyes.

Fig. 22

Certain photoactive cyanine dyes can also function as sonosensitizers in anticancer treatment. Heptamethine dye 59 demonstrates a dual effect, serving as both a photothermal agent and a sonodynamic sensitizer. Additionally, carboxylated dye 60 can be employed in a combined approach involving photodynamic, photothermal, and sonodynamic therapy.