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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Aug 14.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2017 Jan 6;57:437–454. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010716-105001

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Mitochondrial-regulated cell death. Key players in apoptosis (left) and parthanatos (right) are highlighted. Abbreviations: AIF, apoptosis-inducing factor; AIMP2, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex interacting multifunctional protein-2; AKT, protein kinase B; ANT, adenine nucleotide transporter; APAF1, apoptotic peptidase-activating factor 1; ARH3, ADP-ribosyl-acceptor hydrolase 3; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; BAK, Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer; BAX, Bcl-2-associated X; Bcl-2, B cell lymphoma 2; BID, BH3 (Bcl-2 homology 3) interacting-domain death agonist; CyPD, cyclophilin D; CytC, cytochrome C; Glc, glucose; G-6-P, glucose-6-phosphate; HK, hexokinase; Ψ, mitochondrial membrane potential; MOMP, mitochondrial outer membrane permeability; MPT, mitochondrial permeability transition; NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; PAAN, parthanatos AIF-associated nuclease; PAR, poly (ADP-ribose); PARG, PAR glycohydrolase; PARP, PAR polymerase; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase; p53, tumor suppressor p53; tBID, truncated BID.