Table 4.
CASP Quality Appraisal
| Author | 1) | 2) | 3) | 4) | 5) | 6) | 7) | 8) | 9) | 10) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biddiscombe et al., 2018 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Clark Bryan et al., 2022 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cockell et al., 2004 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Eli, 2014 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Federici & Kaplan, 2008 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Fox & Diab, 2015 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Hannon et al., 2017 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Hedlund & Landgren, 2017 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Holmes et al., 2021 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| İnce et al., 2023 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Larsson et al., 2018 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Long et al., 2011 | Yes | Yes | No | Can’t tell | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| MacDonald et al., 2023 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Matthews et al., 2019 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Matthews-Rensch et al., 2023 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Money et al., 2011 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| O’Connell, 2023 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes |
| Pemberton & Fox, 2013 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes |
| Rienecke et al., 2023 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Ross & Green, 2011 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Seed et al., 2016 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Sly et al., 2014 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Smith et al., 2016 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Solhaug & Alsaker, 2021 | Yes | Yes | No | Can’t tell | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Strand et al., 2017 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Whitney et al., 2008 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Williams et al., 2020 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes |
| Wright & Hacking, 2012 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yim et al., 202Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Zugai et al., 2018 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Note. (1) = Clear statement of aims; (2) = Appropriate methodology; (3) = Appropriate research design; (4) Appropriate recruitment strategy; (5) Suitable data collection; (6) Adequate consideration of relationship between researcher and participants; (7) Consideration of ethical issues; (8) Rigorous data analysis; (9) Clear statement of findings; (10) Valuable research