Table 1.
Characteristics of OA patients, stratified by cardiovascular health status
| Variables | Total (n = 1676) | Groups | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low CVH n = 301 (17.9%) | Moderate CVH n = 1136 (67.8%) | High CVH n = 239 (14.3%) | |||
| Age, years, mean (S.E) | 60.3 (0.3) | 58.9 (0.8) | 60.7 (0.4) | 59.7 (0.9) | 0.126a |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.217b | ||||
| Female | 1068 (65.2) | 206 (71.4) | 700 (63.5) | 162 (66.6) | |
| Race/Ethnicity, n (%) | < 0.001b*** | ||||
| Mexican American | 132 (3) | 23 (4) | 101 (3.3) | 8 (1.2) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 239 (5.6) | 64 (10.6) | 160 (5.6) | 15 (1.9) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1045 (82.7) | 172 (76.3) | 693 (81.9) | 180 (90.2) | |
| Other Hispanic | 123 (2.6) | 17 (2.1) | 89 (2.7) | 17 (2.3) | |
| Other race-including multi-racial | 137 (6.1) | 25 (7) | 93 (6.5) | 19 (4.4) | |
| Education Level, n (%) | < 0.001b*** | ||||
| Less than 9th Grade | 111 (3) | 35 (7.2) | 69 (2.6) | 7 (1.5) | |
| 9-11th Grade-including 12th grade with no diploma | 187 (8.1) | 62 (18) | 120 (7.9) | 5 (1.4) | |
| High school Grade/GED or Equivalent | 346 (19.8) | 70 (26.6) | 240 (21.2) | 36 (10.4) | |
| Some College or Arts degree | 555 (33.5) | 111 (41.2) | 395 (35.4) | 49 (21) | |
| College Graduate or above | 477 (35.6) | 23 (7) | 312 (32.9) | 142 (65.7) | |
| PIR, n (%) | < 0.001b*** | ||||
| ≤ 1.85 | 616 (25.1) | 168 (46.7) | 403 (24.8) | 45 (10.4) | |
| > 1.85 | 944 (68.9) | 108 (44.3) | 656 (69.5) | 180 (84.7) | |
| Unknown | 116 (6) | 25 (9) | 77 (5.7) | 14 (4.9) | |
| Marital Status, n (%) | 0.005b** | ||||
| Married | 1001 (66.4) | 152 (57.4) | 679 (66.2) | 170 (73.7) | |
| Drinking alcohol, n (%) | 0.543b | ||||
| Yes | 1490 (91.1) | 272 (92.4) | 1009 (91.3) | 209 (89.2) | |
| Duration of OA, mean (SE) | 11.73 (0.35) | 11.94 (0.81) | 12.21 (0.46) | 9.93 (0.83) | 0.068a |
| Fracture, n (%) | 0.214b | ||||
| No | 788 (45.4) | 133 (45.5) | 538 (45.1) | 117 (46.6) | |
| Yes | 205 (12.2) | 39 (14) | 150 (13.4) | 16 (6.6) | |
| Unknown | 683 (42.4) | 129 (40.5) | 448 (41.5) | 106 (46.8) | |
| CVD, n (%) | < 0.001b*** | ||||
| Yes | 338 (17.2) | 86 (29.4) | 233 (17.8) | 19 (6.2) | |
| Cancer, n (%) | 0.889b | ||||
| Yes | 332 (22.7) | 53 (22.8) | 223 (23) | 56 (21.4) | |
| White blood cell count, 1000 cells/uL, mean (SE) | 7.2 (0.1) | 8.2 (0.2) | 7.3 (0.1) | 6.3 (0.2) | < 0.001a*** |
| Energy, kcal, mean (SE) | 1975.19 (27.79) | 1900.05 (70.42) | 1977.40 (33.51) | 2022.25 (54.23) | 0.371a |
| Drug for OA, n (%) | 0.005b** | ||||
| Yes | 30 (1.4) | 9 (3.6) | 19 (1.1) | 2 (0.7) | |
| All-cause mortality, n (%) | < 0.001b*** | ||||
| Alive | 1457 (90.4) | 245 (84.7) | 992 (90.5) | 220 (94.3) | |
| Dead | 219 (9.4) | 56 (15.3) | 144 (9.5) | 19 (5.7) | |
| Survival time, month, mean (SE) | 66.9 (1.7) | 67.0 (2.9) | 66.7 (2.0) | 67.4 (3.1) | 0.980a |
SE standard error, PIR poverty-to-income ratio, GED general equivalent diploma, AA Associate of Arts, CVD cardiovascular disease, LE8 Life’s Essential 8, CVH cardiovascular health, OA osteoarthritis
aF test with P > 0.05, a*: F test with P < 0.05, a**: F test with P < 0.01, a***: F test with P < 0.001
bChi-square test with P > 0.05, b*: Chi-square test with P < 0.05, b**: Chi-square test with P < 0.01, b***: Chi-square test with P < 0.001