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. 2024 Aug 12;9:200. doi: 10.1038/s41392-024-01889-y

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Schematic diagram of the PAPV-ICI platform for personalized cancer immunotherapy using peptide-armed PTC virus for lung cancer vaccination. PTC virus infection causes a transient proinflammatory state turning ‘cold’ TEM to hot, PAPV endows high DC Recruitment linked with generation and trafficking of antigen-specific CTLs; PAPV-ICI in situ delivers anti-PD-L1 nanobody synergizing anti-cancer immunotherapy. PAPV: peptide-armed PTC virus, PTC virus: the live but non-productive influenza A virus, ICI: immune checkpoint inhibitor. (Created with BioRender.com) Reproduced with permission from Ji et al. (2023), Copyright 2023 Springer Nature America, Inc