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. 2024 Aug 8;16(8):e66448. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66448

Table 6. Domain 5: Knowledge of medication side effects.

*Significant at p<0.05, **Significant at p<0.01, SANS: Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms.

Knowledge of side effects          
Variable No (N (%)) Yes (N (%)) Total (N (%)) Χ2 p-value
Patient gender          
Male 61 (69.3%) 27 (30.7%) 88 (100.0%) 4.485 0.034*
Female 37 (52.9%) 33 (47.1%) 70 (100.0%)    
Total 98 (62.0%) 60 (38.0%) 158 (100.0%)    
Patient family income          
Nil-5000 Rs. 5 (100.0%) 0 (0.0%) 5 (100.0%) 12.756 0.009**
5001-10,000 Rs. 6 (66.7%) 3 (33.3%) 9 (100.0%)    
10,001-20,000 Rs. 25 (80.6%) 6 (19.4%) 31 (100.0%)    
20,001-50,000 Rs. 40 (61.5%) 25 (38.5%) 65 (100.0%)    
>50,000 Rs. 22 (45.8%) 26 (54.2%) 48 (100.0%)    
Total 98 (62.0%) 60 (38.0%) 158 (100.0%)    
Caregiver relationship          
Mother 17 (41.5%) 24 (58.5%) 41 (100.0%) 12.696 0.026*
Father 30 (71.4%) 12 (28.6%) 42 (100.0%)    
Brother 20 (71.4%) 8 (28.6%) 28 (100.0%)    
Sister 11 (73.3%) 4 (26.7%) 15 (100.0%)    
Spouse 12 (54.5%) 10 (45.5%) 22 (100.0%)    
Son/daughter/other 8 (80.0%) 2 (20.0%) 10 (100.0%)    
Total 98 (62.0%) 60 (38.0%) 158 (100.0%)    
Variable Mean SD t/z p-value
Difficult behavior domain of caregiving        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 1.92 0.86 3.479 0.001**
Yes 1.44 0.81    
Total negative score of caregiving        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 86.66 29.03 3.334 0.001*
Yes 70.20 31.83    
Total positive score of caregiving        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 29.02 7.91 2.275 0.024*
Yes 25.82 9.60    
SANS        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 41.86 16.56 3.503 0.001**
Yes 32.35 16.55    
Caregiver age        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 43.55 16.67 -1.991 0.046*
Yes 48.82 14.24    
Roles domain of family functioning        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 2.35 0.54 −3.073 0.002**
Yes 2.08 0.49    
Negative symptoms domain of caregiving        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 2.25 0.95 −1.980 0.048*
Yes 1.93 1.02    
Problems with services domain of caregiving        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 1.19 0.74 −3.228 0.001**
Yes 0.80 0.73    
Effects on the family domain of caregiving        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 1.20 0.77 −2.025 0.043*
Yes 0.95 0.78    
Need for backup domain of caregiving        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 1.57 0.67 −3.069 0.002**
Yes 1.18 0.73    
Dependency domain of caregiving        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 2.52 0.75 −2.493 0.013*
Yes 2.16 0.94    
Loss domain of caregiving        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 1.63 0.63 −2.328 0.020*
Yes 1.38 0.69    
Acceptance/redefinition domain of coping        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 0.61 0.16 −2.369 0.018*
Yes 0.65 0.16    
Environmental domain of quality of life        
Knowledge of medication side effects        
No 14.62 2.68 −3.397 0.001**
Yes 16.22 2.39