FIGURE 3.

Effects of diazepam on defensive behaviors when fear is assessed by conditioned suppression. (A) Ethograms showing proportion of time spent on each behavior upon the first CS presentation in fear testing with an effect of diazepam in males (left panels) and females (right panels). (B,C) Factor analysis shows that Factor1 in males was characterized by negative loadings from time spent on operant responding, grooming and positive loading from time spent on sniffing. (B) Factor loading of each behavior of male rats. (C) Factor scores for Factor1 in each group of male rats. (D,E) Factor analysis shows that Factor1 in females was characterized by negative loadings from time spent on operant responding and grooming, and positive loadings from time spent on sniffing and rearing. (D) Factor loading of each behavior of female rats. (E) Factor scores for Factor1 in each group of female rats. Circles show data from 0.0 mg/kg diazepam treatment group, triangles show data from 0.3 mg/kg diazepam treatment group, squares show data from 1 mg/kg diazepam treatment group. All data in this figure were derived from manual annotations. CS, conditioned stimulus; DIAZ, diazepam. *p < 0.05 compared between diazepam treatment groups. Data are present as mean ± SEM.