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. 2024 Aug 14;14:18851. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-69261-2

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Cultivation chamber description and simulation of shear stress. (a) Schematic representation of the cultivation chamber and its layers: The cultivation chamber is made of different layers, a well for loading collagen gel and spheroids, a channel that allows medium to flow over the well. (b) Picture of the developed microscope stage holder (silver) with the cultivation chamber and connected tubing. Scale bar: 20 mm. (c) Online images showing HCT-116-GFP spheroids embedded in collagen I and cultured within the chamber under dynamic conditions for 6 days. Scale bar: 200 µm (d) Simulation of shear stress in the channel and over the well by COMSOL at flow rate of 1 ml/min.