Table 3. Myopia prediction performance based on machine learning.
| Predictive parameters (Train∶Test=7∶3) | AUC (SVM)* | AUC (RF)* | AUC (DT)* |
| Abbreviation: SVM=support vector machine; RF=random forest; DT=decision tree; AUC=area under the curve; AL=axial length. * Model 1: Baseline information from questionnaires: age, gender, parental myopia, near work, follow-up years (1 to 3); † Model 2: Model1+ biometric parameters including AL and corneal curvature. | |||
| Model 1* | 0.66 (0.63–0.68) | 0.72 (0.69–0.74) | 0.63 (0.61–0.65) |
| Model 1+0th refractive error with cycloplegic | 0.68 (0.65–0.71) | 0.72 (0.69–0.74) | 0.63 (0.61–0.65) |
| Model 1+25th refractive error with cycloplegic | 0.78 (0.75–0.80) | 0.81 (0.79–0.84) | 0.77 (0.74–0.79) |
| Model 1+50th refractive error with cycloplegic | 0.80 (0.78–0.82) | 0.84 (0.82–0.86) | 0.80 (0.77–0.82) |
| Model 1+75th refractive error with cycloplegic | 0.75 (0.72–0.77) | 0.78 (0.76–0.81) | 0.77 (0.74–0.79) |
| Model 1+0th refractive error without cycloplegic | 0.68 (0.65–0.71) | 0.72 (0.69–0.74) | 0.63 (0.61–0.65) |
| Model 1+25th refractive error without cycloplegic | 0.70 (0.68–0.73) | 0.75 (0.73–0.77) | 0.64 (0.62–0.66) |
| Model 1+50th refractive error without cycloplegic | 0.72 (0.69–0.74) | 0.77 (0.75–0.79) | 0.70 (0.68–0.73) |
| Model 1+75th refractive error without cycloplegic | 0.70 (0.68–0.73) | 0.77 (0.74–0.79) | 0.64 (0.61–0.66) |
| Model 2† | 0.78 (0.75–0.80) | 0.78 (0.75–0.80) | 0.69 (0.67–0.72) |
| Model 2+0th refractive error with cycloplegic | 0.78 (0.75–0.80) | 0.78 (0.76–0.81) | 0.69 (0.67–0.72) |
| Model 2+25th refractive error with cycloplegic | 0.81 (0.79–0.84) | 0.84 (0.82–0.86) | 0.77 (0.74–0.79) |
| Model 2+50th refractive error with cycloplegic | 0.83 (0.81–0.85) | 0.85 (0.83–0.86) | 0.80 (0.77–0.82) |
| Model 2+75th refractive error with cycloplegic | 0.80 (0.78–0.82) | 0.81 (0.79–0.83) | 0.77 (0.74–0.79) |
| Model 2+0th refractive error without cycloplegic | 0.78 (0.75–0.80) | 0.78 (0.76–0.81) | 0.69 (0.67–0.72) |
| Model 2+25th refractive error without cycloplegic | 0.78 (0.76–0.80) | 0.80 (0.78–0.82) | 0.71 (0.69–0.74) |
| Model 2+50th refractive error without cycloplegic | 0.78 (0.76–0.81) | 0.80 (0.78–0.83) | 0.70 (0.67–0.72) |
| Model 2+75th refractive error without cycloplegic | 0.78 (0.76–0.80) | 0.80 (0.78–0.82) | 0.71 (0.69–0.74) |