Table 1. Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Patients With Breast Cancer Who Underwent Conventional Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy (C-NSM) or Minimal Access Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy (M-NSM).
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| C-NSM (n = 1356) | M-NSM (n = 227) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 45.47 (8.56) | 45.41 (7.99) | .92 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 22.71 (3.15) | 22.52 (3.04) | .39 |
| Menopausal status | |||
| Premenopausal | 904 (66.67) | 167 (73.57) | .02 |
| Postmenopausal | 291 (21.46) | 34 (14.98) | |
| Unknown | 161 (11.87) | 26 (11.45) | |
| Ptosis | |||
| Normal | 424 (31.27) | 150 (66.08) | <.001 |
| Mild | 172 (12.68) | 31 (13.66) | |
| Moderate | 145 (10.69) | 5 (2.2) | |
| Severe | 79 (5.83) | 2 (0.88) | |
| Pseudoptosis | 14 (1.03) | 2 (0.88) | |
| Unknown | 522 (38.5) | 37 (16.3) | |
| Smoking history | |||
| Nonsmoking | 866 (63.86) | 208 (91.63) | .24 |
| Smoking | 40 (2.95) | 14 (6.17) | |
| Unknown | 430 (31.71) | 5 (24.23) | |
| BRCA variant | |||
| No test | 1080 (79.65) | 143 (63) | <.001 |
| Negative | 174 (12.83) | 67 (29.52) | |
| Positive | 85 (6.27) | 11 (4.85) | |
| Variant of unknown significance | 26 (1.92) | 6 (2.64) | |
| pT stage | |||
| 0 or In situ | 257 (18.95) | 63 (27.75) | .15 |
| 1 | 516 (38.05) | 117 (51.54) | |
| 2 | 240 (17.7) | 36 (15.86) | |
| 3 | 26 (1.92) | 6 (2.64) | |
| Unknown | 317 (23.38) | 5 (2.2) | |
| pN stage | |||
| 0 or Micrometastasis | 825 (60.84) | 193 (85.02) | .06 |
| 1 | 169 (12.46) | 23 (10.13) | |
| 2 | 30 (2.21) | 3 (1.32) | |
| 3 | 9 (0.66) | 3 (1.32) | |
| Unknown | 323 (23.82) | 5 (2.2) | |
| Histologic grade | |||
| Well | 175 (12.91) | 33 (14.54) | .31 |
| Moderate | 680 (50.15) | 110 (48.46) | |
| Poor | 267 (19.69) | 34 (14.98) | |
| Unknown | 234 (17.26) | 50 (22.03) | |
| Estrogen receptor | |||
| Negative | 291 (21.46) | 41 (18.06) | .28 |
| Positive | 1058 (78.02) | 182 (80.18) | |
| Unknown | 7 (0.52) | 4 (1.76) | |
| Progesterone receptor | |||
| Negative | 398 (29.35) | 56 (24.67) | .18 |
| Positive | 950 (70.06) | 167 (73.57) | |
| Unknown | 8 (0.59) | 4 (1.76) | |
| HER2 gene | |||
| Negative | 959 (70.72) | 142 (62.56) | .12 |
| Equivocal | 144 (10.62) | 29 (12.78) | |
| Positive | 245 (18.07) | 50 (22.03) | |
| Unknown | 8 (0.59) | 6 (2.64) | |
| SISH or FISH | |||
| Negative | 230 (16.96) | 62 (27.31) | .16 |
| Positive | 47 (3.47) | 7 (3.08) | |
| Not applicable | 1079 (79.52) | 158 (69.6) | |
| Ki-67 index, mean (SD), % | 20.01 (19.71) | 19.7 (16.94) | .81 |
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | |||
| No | 1135 (83.7) | 204 (89.87) | .009 |
| Yes | 218 (16.08) | 21 (9.25) | |
| Unknown | 3 (0.22) | 2 (0.88) | |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | |||
| No | 921 (67.92) | 159 (70.04) | .47 |
| Yes | 428 (31.56) | 66 (29.07) | |
| Unknown | 7 (0.52) | 2 (0.88) | |
| Adjuvant radiotherapy | |||
| No | 1096 (80.83) | 189 (83.26) | .33 |
| Yes | 252 (18.58) | 36 (15.86) | |
| Unknown | 8 (0.59) | 2 (0.88) | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); HER2, human epidermal growth factor; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; pN, pathological node; pT, pathological stage; SISH, silver in situ hybridization; VUS, variant of unknown significance.