Table 1.

Description of Study Participation Requirements and Supports Provided to Implementation Sites.

Type of activity	Study participation requirements	Details/examples	Supports provided by study team
Intervention deployment	Identify a local implementation team to lead study activities	Identify clinical champions (≥1 medical,  ≥ 1 behavioral health) Identify ≥1 administrative champions Participate in 1–2 1-h meetings per month with external facilitator over 18-month preparation and implementation period to support clinical implementation of Collaborative Care Participate in scheduled and self-directed trainings (10–30 h, depending on role)	Multiple clinic payments to support coverage of time spent in implementation meetings and trainings (e.g., $15,000 for completion of training) Role-specific training resources for clinical activities (asynchronous online learning modules, live training sessions, access to mentors) A dedicated practice coach to lead all meetings (scheduling, agenda planning, meeting documentation)
Intervention deployment	Implement Collaborative Care for patients with co-occurring opioid use and mental health disorders	Complete necessary training to deliver medications for opioid use disorder (10–30 h, depending on role) Expand workflows for Collaborative Care referral and practice to accommodate co-occurring disorders Monitor and refine implementation processes via monthly meetings with external facilitator Track specific patient care activities (e.g., screening, medication management, measurement-based care) in registry for all patients receiving Collaborative Care for co-occurring disorders	Role-specific training resources for Collaborative Care for co-occurring disorder Role-specific “office hours” and mentorship opportunities (offered monthly) Example workflows Example scripts for staff when working with patients with co-occurring disorders A study-specific clinical registry to document clinical care activities for Collaborative Care
Quality improvement	Implement routine screening for opioid use disorder	Develop workflows for population-based opioid use disorder screening implementation Support local practice change and training of other frontline staff via formal and informal presentations to staff (≥1 presentation to all staff prior to launch of screening) Monitor and refine screening implementation processes	Training resources for the screening tool Example workflows Example scripts for staff to use when using the screener in practice Ongoing coaching support via monthly meetings with external facilitator and monthly role-specific office hours
Research	Assess eligibility and recruit eligible study participants	Assess eligibility of potential study participants Approach and consent eligible study participants Document inclusion and exclusion criteria in study database	Access to Collaborative Institutional Training Initiative (CITI) training for human subjects research Dedicated research support staff to assist with initial training and ongoing technical assistance A study-specific research database (REDCap) A site-specific research dashboard to track enrollments and needed follow-up Financial payment of $900 per patient enrolled, provided to clinics to support coverage of staff time for research activities
Research	Support data collection and adverse event reporting for enrolled study participants	Document specific patient care activities in registry for all patients enrolled in study Provide reminders to enrolled participants about survey due dates Report hospitalizations, emergency room visits, and other adverse events to coordinating center	Dedicated research support staff to assist with initial training and ongoing technical assistance A study-specific research database (REDCap) and clinical registry tool A site-specific research dashboard to track enrollments and needed follow-up Regular meetings with research staff