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. 2024 Aug 14;16:106. doi: 10.1186/s13148-024-01723-w

Table 2.

Significant causal associations between epigenetic age acceleration and age-related eye diseases estimated using bidirectional TSMR

Exposure Outcome SNPs Method OR (95% CI) P PQ PInt PG Power (%)
HannumAge PACG 41 IVW 0.92 (0.86 to 0.99) 0.035 0.510 0.020 0.502 65.0
MR-Egger 0.75 (0.62 to 0.90) 0.004
MR-PRESSO 0.92 (0.86 to 0.99) 0.039
WM 0.90 (0.81 to 1.01) 0.068
IEAA POAG 54 IVW 1.04 (1.02 to 1.06) 6.1E-04 0.732 0.300 0.743 96.5
MR-Egger 1.02 (0.97 to 1.06) 0.521
MR-PRESSO 1.04 (1.02 to 1.06) 5.7E-04
WM 1.03 (0.996 to 1.060) 0.084
PAI-1 AMD 33 IVW 1.00006 (1.000002 to 1.0001) 0.042 0.291 0.510 0.335 69.3
MR-Egger 1.00007 (1.000005 to 1.0001) 0.042
MR-PRESSO 1.00006 (1.000002 to 1.0001) 0.050
WM 1.00004 (0.999959 to 1.0001) 0.320
GCP Presbyopia 27 IVW 0.010 (0.0002 to 0.522) 0.022 0.313 0.211 0.341 70.6
MR-Egger 0.00003 (1.69E-09 to 0.494) 0.046
MR-PRESSO 0.010 (0.0002 to 0.522) 0.031
WM 0.003 (0.00001 to 0.603) 0.032
GCP RRD 29 IVW 26.64 (2.70 to 263.05) 0.005 0.564 0.617 0.613 82.9
MR-Egger 6.70 (0.02 to 2256.62) 0.527
MR-PRESSO 26.64 (2.91 to 243.72) 0.007
WM 22.27 (0.83 to 598.38) 0.065
ARC HannumAge 31 IVW 0.83 (0.69 to 0.99) 0.041 0.988 0.708 0.988 100
MR-Egger 0.75 (0.45 to 1.26) 0.289
MR-PRESSO 0.83 (0.72 to 0.94) 0.008
WM 0.86 (0.66 to 1.12) 0.259

AMD, age-related macular degeneration; PACG, primary angle-closure glaucoma; POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; RRD, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment; ARC, age-related cataract; PAI-1, DNAm-based plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels; GCP, DNAm-based granulocyte proportions; IEAA, intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration; TSMR, two-sample Mendelian randomization; IVW, inverse-variance weighted; MR-PRESSO, Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier; WM, weighted median; OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; PQ was the P value derived from Cochran’s Q test using IVW method. PInt was the P value derived from MR-Egger intercept. PG was the P value derived from MR-PRESSO global test. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant